art.wikisort.org - Artist

Maurycy Gottlieb (Polish pronunciation (help·info); 21/28 February 1856 – 17 July 1879)[1] was a Polish realist painter of the Romantic period.[2] Considered one of the most talented students of Jan Matejko, Gottllieb died at the age of 23.[3]

Maurycy Gottlieb
Self-portrait, 1876
Born	21/28 February 1856 Drohobycz, Austrian Poland
Died	17 July 1879(1879-07-17) (aged 23) Kraków, Austrian Poland
Nationality	Polish
Education	Academies in Kraków, Vienna and Munich
Known for	Jews Praying in the Synagogue on Yom Kippur, 1878
Movement	Realism

Career

Gottlieb was born in Drohobycz (then in Galicia in Austrian Poland, now in western Ukraine) to a wealthy, Yiddish and Polish-speaking Orthodox Jewish family. He was one of eleven children born to Fanya (née Tigerman) and Isaac Gottlieb. He was introduced to painting in Lemberg by Michał Godlewski. At fifteen, he enrolled at the Vienna Fine Arts Academy for three years. In 1873 he went to Kraków to study under Jan Matejko and became close friends with Jacek Malczewski. However, an anti-Semitic incident at the School of Fine Arts prompted him to leave Kraków after less than a year in spite of Malczewski's protests.[3] He traveled to Norway and stayed in Molde. He returned to Vienna and from there travelled to Munich in 1875 to study under Karl von Piloty and Alexander von Wagner.[4] In 1876 he won the Gold Medal at the Munich Academy for his painting, Shylock and Jessica. In the same year, he moved back to Vienna to attend the workshop of Heinrich von Angeli. He lived and worked in Vienna for the next two years and produced paintings with biblical themes, as well as illustrations for Friedrich Bruckmann Publishing of Munich.[4]

In the fall of 1878, Gottlieb travelled to Rome, where he befriended Henryk Siemiradzki. At a banquet in his residence at Via Gaeta, Gottlieb met with Matejko, who convinced him to come back to Kraków as one of his best students,[3] to work on a series of monumental paintings including scenes from the history of the Jews in Poland.

In 1879 Gottlieb settled in Kraków and began working on his new major project.[4] He died in the same year from health complications. Matejko attended his funeral and promised his father to look after his younger brother Marcin.[5]

Gottlieb won a gold medal at the Munich art competition for his painting, Shylock and Jessica (1876), portraying a scene from Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice. The painting was exhibited in Lviv in 1877, and in 1878 at Zachęta in Warsaw and widely acclaimed. Gottlieb based Jessica's face on that of Laura Rosenfeld, to whom he had proposed marriage. However, Laura rejected his proposal and wed a Berlin banker. Gottlieb planned to marry Lola Rosengarten, but when he heard about Rosenfeld's marriage, he knowingly exposed himself to the elements, dying of complications from a cold and sore throat.[6]

Despite his premature death at the age of 23, more than three hundred of his works survive (mostly sketches, but also oil paintings),[2] though not all are finished.[6] After the fall of the Iron Curtain, many Polish collections unknown in the Western Bloc were popularized, and his reputation grew greatly. His brother, Leopold Gottlieb, was born five years after his death and became known as a painter as an adult.

Gallery

• 
  Recha welcoming her father, 1867–1877, National Museum of Warsaw
• 
  Shylock and Jessica, 1876
• 
  Jews Praying in the Synagogue on Yom Kippur, 1878, Tel Aviv Museum of Art
• 
  Christ Preaching at Capernaum, 1879 (Warsaw)

Notes

References

External links

• Jews Praying in the Synagogue on Yom Kippur, in Poem for Rent project.
• Głowa starca – oil painting by Gottlieb in Central Jewish Library

На других языках

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[de] Maurycy Gottlieb

Maurycy Gottlieb (Moritz, Moses) (geboren am 21. oder 28. Februar 1856 in Drohobytsch, Galizien, Kaisertum Österreich; gestorben am 17. Juli 1879 in Krakau, Österreich-Ungarn) war ein polnisch-jüdischer Maler des Realismus, der vorwiegend in Wien und München wirkte. Obwohl er nur 23 Jahre alt wurde, hinterließ er etwa 300 Bilder, die meisten allerdings in unvollendetem Zustand. Sein wohl bekanntestes Werk Juden in der Synagoge am Jom Kippur entstand in Wien.

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- [en] Maurycy Gottlieb

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[es] Maurycy Gottlieb

Maurycy Gottlieb (Drohobycz, Galicia, 21 de febrero de 1856 - Cracovia, 17 de julio de 1879) fue un destacado pintor judeo polaco.

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[fr] Maurycy Gottlieb

Maurycy Gottlieb (.mw-parser-output .prononciation>a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png")center left no-repeat;padding-left:15px;font-size:smaller}Écouter) (ou Moritz Gottlieb), né en février 1856 à Drohobytch et mort le 17 juillet 1879, est un peintre juif du mouvement réaliste, de langue polonaise, vivant en Ukraine actuelle et en Europe centrale.

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[it] Maurycy Gottlieb

Maurycy Gotlieb (Drohobych, 21-28/2 1856 – 17/7 1879) è stato un pittore polacco. Artista del romanticismo dallo stile realistico, faceva parte di una ricca famiglia polacca, ebrea ortodossa e yiddish che viveva in Galizia (Europa Centrale), allora parte del settore austriaco della Polonia divisa, ora Ucraina occidentale. Considerato uno degli studenti più talentuosi di Jan Matejko, Gottllieb è morto all'età di 23 anni.

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[ru] Готтлиб, Мауриций

Мауриций Готтлиб (польск. Maurycy Gottlieb; 21 или 28 февраля 1856, Дрогобыч, Австрия — 17 июля 1879, Краков) — польский еврейский художник-реалист эпохи романтизма. Родился в Дрогобыче, в богатой идишской и польскоязычной ортодоксальной еврейской семье, живущей в Галиции, бывшей тогда частью австрийского сектора Разделенной Польши, теперь Западной Украины. Один из самых талантливых учеников Яна Матейко, умер в возрасте 23-х лет.[6][7]

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