Bill Brandt (born Hermann Wilhelm Brandt; 2 May 1904 – 20 December 1983)[1]:14 was a British photographer and photojournalist. Born in Germany, Brandt moved to England, where he became known for his images of British society for such magazines as Lilliput and Picture Post; later he made distorted nudes, portraits of famous artists and landscapes. He is widely considered to be one of the most important British photographers of the 20th century.[1]
British photographer
"William Brandt" redirects here. For other people of the same name, see William Brandt (disambiguation).
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (February 2011)
Photograph of a North London air raid shelter taken by Brandt in 1940
Born in Hamburg, Germany, son of a British father and German mother, Brandt grew up during World War I, during which his father, who had lived in Germany since the age of five, was interned for six months by the Germans as a British citizen.[1]:21 Brandt later disowned his German heritage and would claim he was born in South London.[2] Shortly after the war, he contracted tuberculosis and spent much of his youth in a sanatorium in Davos, Switzerland.[3] He traveled to Vienna to undertake a course of treatment by psychoanalysis. He was, in any case, pronounced cured and was taken under the wing of socialite Eugenie Schwarzwald. When Ezra Pound visited the Schwarzwald residence, Brandt made his portrait. In appreciation, Pound reportedly offered Brandt an introduction to Man Ray, whose Paris studio and darkroom Brandt would access in 1930.[2]
In 1933 Brandt moved to London and began documenting all levels of British society. This kind of documentary was uncommon at that time. Brandt published two books showcasing this work, The English at Home (1936) and A Night in London (1938). He was a regular contributor to magazines such as Lilliput, Picture Post, and Harper's Bazaar. He documented the Underground bomb shelters of London during The Blitz in 1940, commissioned by the Ministry of Information.[2]
During World War II Brandt concentrated on many subjects – as can be seen in his Camera in London (1948) but excelled in portraiture and landscape. To mark the arrival of peace in 1945 he began a celebrated series of nudes. His major books from the post-war period are Literary Britain (1951), and Perspective of Nudes (1961), followed by a compilation of his best work, Shadow of Light (1966). Brandt became Britain's most influential and internationally admired photographer of the 20th century. Many of his works have important social commentary but also poetic resonance. His landscapes and nudes are dynamic, intense and powerful, often using wide-angle lenses and distortion.[2]
Brandt died in London in 1983.
Recognition
In 1984, Bill Brandt was posthumously inducted into the International Photography Hall of Fame and Museum.[4]
Blue plaque, 4 Airlie Gardens
In 2010, an English Heritage blue plaque for Brandt was erected in London at 4 Airlie Gardens, Kensington, W8.[5]
2004: Bill Brandt: A Centenary Retrospective, 2004, Victoria & Albert Museum, London. "A selection of rare and famous prints from the Brandt archive".[7][8]
2013: Bill Brandt, Early Prints from the Collection of the FamilyEdwynn Houk Gallery, New York. "A selection of rare and famous prints from the Brandt archive".[11]
2017: Bill Brandt, Works from the 1940's and Harper's Bazaar, William Holman Gallery, 2017.[12]
2018: Bill Brandt Vintage Works, 2018/19, Michael Hoppen Gallery[13]
2021: Bill Brandt, Kunstfoyer (Versicherungskammer Kulturstiftung), Munich, 27 September – 28 November 2021.[14]
Publications
Hopkinson, Tom. Poetry: Bill Brandt – Photographer. Lilliput 11(2):130-41
Warburton, Nigel (ed.). Bill Brandt; Selected texts and bibliography. Oxford: Clio, 1993; Macmillan Library Reference, 1994.
Wells, Liz (ed.). Photography, A Critical Introduction. Routledge, 1997.
Time Life Books Editors. The Print Time Life International, 1972.
Read, John. Portrait of an Artist: Henry Moore. London, 1979.
Mellor, David. Bill Brandt: Behind the Camera Photographs 1923–1983. New York: Aperture, 1985.
Kelly, Jain (ed.). Nude:Theory. Lustrum, 1979.
Kee, Robert. The Picture Post Album. London, 1993.
Jeffrey, Ian. Photography: Concise History. Thames and Hudson, World of Art Series, 1981; reprinted 1989
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