art.wikisort.org - Artist

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian: Фёдор Григо́рьевич Со́лнцев) (26 April [O.S. 14 April] 1801 – 15 March [O.S. 3 March] 1892)[1] was a Russian painter and historian of art. His artwork was a major contribution in recording and preserving medieval Russian culture, which was a common subject of his paintings.[2] He was the main author of the fundamental work Antiquities of the Russian State [ru],[3][4] the main decorator of interiors of the Grand Kremlin Palace in Moscow.[5][6] He discovered and restored mosaics and frescoes of Saint Sophia's Cathedral and Cathedral of the Dormition of Kiev Pechersk Lavra in Kiev, and of Cathedral of Saint Demetrius in Vladimir.[1]

Fedor Solntsev
Фёдор Солнцев
Fedor Grigorevich Solntsev
Born	(1801-04-26)26 April 1801 Yaroslavl Governorate
Died	15 March 1892(1892-03-15) (aged 90) Saint Petersburg
Education	Member Academy of Arts (1836) Professor by rank (1876)
Alma mater	Imperial Academy of Arts
Known for	Painting
Awards

Fedor Solntsev, together with Metropolitan Philaret and Archimandrite Photius are considered the founders of modern Russian icon painting canon synthesizing ancient Russian traditions, post-Petrine efforts and modern art discoveries.[1]

Biography

Fedor Solntsev was born in Verkhne-Nikulskoye [ru] a village near Rybinsk in the Yaroslavl Governorate. His parents were serfs of Count Ivan Alekseyevich Musin-Pushkin [ru].[6] His father, Grigory Konstantinovich Solntsev, worked as a box-office attendant for the Imperial theaters in Saint Petersburg and travelled to the village very infrequently while his mother, Elizaveta Frolovna Solntseva, was a peasant and lived all her life in the village. Fedor spent his early life with his mother and siblings.[1] After discovering his artistic ability, his master freed the Solntsev family, which allowed Fedor to enter the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg in 1815[1][7] and became a pupil of Alexei Yegorov and Stepan Shchukin.[7] Later, Fedor's younger brother, Yegor Solntsev also graduated from the Imperial Academy of Art and became a notable painter.[5]

Fedor graduated from the Academy in 1824 receiving a "Lesser Gold Medal" for his painting A Peasant Family.[1][7] In 1827 he received the "Greater Gold Medal" from the Academy for his painting Render unto Caesar.[1][7] In 1836 he became a member of the Imperial Academy of Arts for his work Meeting of Grand Duke Sviatoslav with John of Tzimiskes.[1] In 1876 Solntsev was appointed Professor of the Academy.[8]

Fedor Solntsev's work was supported by the President of Imperial Academy of Arts Alexey Olenin and Emperor Nicholas I.[1][7] The Emperor commissioned Solntsev to decorate dinner parties and embellish his private apartments in the Kremlin.[9] Through his life Solntsev worked on restoration of many Moscow Kremlin buildings including the Grand Kremlin Palace and Kremlin Armoury. He painted Cathedral of Christ the Saviour and other churches in Moscow.[5][10] Solntsev also worked in Kiev with restoration and describing artefacts of Kiev Pechersk Lavra. He painted the interiors of the Krestovozdvizhenskaya Church [ru] there.[10]

Olenin commissioned Solntsev to describe archaeological and historical artifacts of Russian state.[1][7] Solntsev started to work in 1830. He made more than 3000 highly detailed drawing of different artifacts including the record of all the Kremlin's riches. Seven hundreds of those drawings made the core for the six-volume publications titled Antiquities of the Russian State.[1][7] The encyclopedia was published after Olenin's death using the funds provided by Nicholas I.[5] Solntsev also provided a detailed chronicle of Old Russian style in his book Clothing of Russia.[9]

Solntsev died on 3 March 1892 and was buried in Volkovo Cemetery in Saint Petersburg.[1]

References

Further reading

• Blakesley, Rosalinda Polly (2006). The arts and crafts movement. Phaidon. ISBN 9780714838496.
• Evtushenko, M. M. (2003). "Фёдор Григорьевич Солнцев: Новые данные к творческой биографии художника". Русское искусство в Эрмитаже: Сборник статей. Saint Petersburg: State Hermitage. pp. 240–249. ISBN 9785935720971.
• Salmond, Wendy R. (2007). Russia imagined, 1825–1925 : the art and impact of Fedor Solntsev. New York Public Library.
• Solntsev, Fedor (2007). Древности Российского государства, изданные по Высочайшему повелению Государя Императора Николая I. Белый Город. ISBN 9785779312509. Reprint publication of Solntsev's masterpiece
• Voyce, Arthur . (1954). "The Moscow Kremlin : its history, architecture, and art treasures". The Slavic and East European Journal. University of California Press. 2 (3): 262–264. JSTOR 305162.
• Whittaker, Cynthia H. (2010). Visualizing Russia: Fedor Solntsev and Crafting a National Past (Russian History and Culture). Brill Academic Publishers, Inc. ISBN 9789004183438.

На других языках

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[de] Fjodor Grigorjewitsch Solnzew

Fjodor Grigorjewitsch Solnzew (russisch Фёдор Григорьевич Солнцев; * 14. Apriljul. / 26. April 1801greg. im Dorf Werchne-Nikulskoje bei Rybinsk; † 3. Märzjul. / 15. März 1892greg. in St. Petersburg) war ein russischer Künstler, Restaurator, Kunstwissenschaftler und Hochschullehrer.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]

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- [en] Fedor Solntsev

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[es] Fiódor Sólntsev

Fiódor Grigórievich Sólntsev (en ruso, Фёдор Григо́рьевич Со́лнцев, 26 de abril de 1801-15 de marzo de 1892)[1] fue un pintor e historiador del arte ruso. Su obra de arte fue una contribución importante en el registro y la preservación de la cultura rusa medieval, que era un tema común de sus pinturas.[2] Fue el autor principal de la obra fundamental Antigüedades del Estado Ruso,[3][4] el principal decorador de interiores del Gran Palacio del Kremlin en Moscú.[5][6]Descubrió y restauró mosaicos y frescos de la Catedral de Santa Sofía y la Catedral de la Dormición de Kiev Pechersk Lavra en Kiev, y de la Catedral de San Demetrio en Vladimir.[1]

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[fr] Fiodor Solntsev

Fiodor Grigorievitch Solntsev (en russe : Фёдор Григорьевич Солнцев), né au village de Vierkhnié-Nikoulskoïé (près de Rybinsk), le 26 avril 1801 et mort à Saint-Pétersbourg, le 15 mars 1892, est un archéologue et peintre russe, fameux pour avoir représenté, dans son ouvrage Antiquités de la terre de Russie (Древности Российского государства), de nombreuses pièces archéologiques conservées aujourd'hui au palais des Armures du Kremlin de Moscou, ainsi que des costumes populaires typiques de l'Empire russe.

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[it] Fëdor Solncev

Fëdor Grigor'evič Solncev (in russo: Фёдор Григорьевич Солнцев?; Verchne-Nikul'skoe, 26 aprile 1801 – San Pietroburgo, 15 marzo 1892) è stato un archeologo e pittore russo, famoso per aver raffigurato, nel suo Antichità della terra di Russia (in russo: Древности Российского государства?), moltissimi reperti archeologici oggi conservati presso l'Arsenale del Cremlino di Mosca nonché abiti e costumi tipici delle genti che popolavano l'Impero russo.

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[ru] Солнцев, Фёдор Григорьевич

Фёдор Григо́рьевич Со́лнцев (1801—1892) — художник, архитектор и историк, академик и профессор Императорской Академии художеств, специалист по художественной археологии, руководитель издания «Древности Российского государства». Заведовал художественным оформлением Большого Кремлёвского дворца.

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