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Felix Samoilovich Lembersky (Russian: Феликс Самойлович Лемберский)[1] (November 11, 1913 – December 2, 1970) was a Russian/Soviet painter, artist, teacher, theater stage designer and an organizer of artistic groups.[1] His 'Execution. Babi Yar' series (1944–52) are the earliest known artistic renderings of the Nazi massacres of Jews in Kiev.

Felix Lembersky
Феликс Самойлович Лемберский
c. 1942–44
Born(1913-11-11)November 11, 1913
Lublin, Congress Poland
NationalityRussian/Soviet
Alma materKultur-Lige, Kiev Art Institute, USSR Academy of Arts
Notable workExecution: Babi Yar
MovementRussian avant-garde
SpouseLucia Keiserman
Felix Lembersky 1913–1970. Building Block after Gun Fire. Leningrad, 1959. Oil on board, 28 3/4 x 20 7/8 inches
Felix Lembersky 1913–1970. Building Block after Gun Fire. Leningrad, 1959. Oil on board, 28 3/4 x 20 7/8 inches
Felix Lembersky. Execution: Babi Yar, ca. 1944–1952. Oil on canvas
Felix Lembersky. Execution: Babi Yar, ca. 1944–1952. Oil on canvas

Biography


Lembersky was born in 1913 into the family of Samuil Lembersky of Lublin, on the eve of World War I. The Russians lost Lublin to Austro-Hungarian army in 1915. The family relocated to Berdyczów (now Berdychiv, Ukraine) however, the Soviet troops destroyed most of Berdyczów during the Polish–Soviet War of 1920, and the city was ceded by Poland to the USSR following the Peace of Riga. His parents remained there. In 1928 Lembersky relocated to Kiev where in 1928–29 he attended the Jewish Arts' and Trades' School (known as "Kultur-Lige Art School", studio of Mark Epshtein).[2] In 1930–33 he worked as set designer for the Jewish Theater in Kiev and Berdichev and in 1933–35 attended the Kiev Art Institute, studying painting with professor Pavel Volokidin. In 1935 he moved to Leningrad to study at the Russian Academy of Arts.[2]

Lembersky toured the Urals to collect material for his thesis, while the Soviet Union invaded Poland. He was in Berdichev when Nazi Germany launched Operation Barbarossa against the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941. As a student of the Academy, he was ordered to immediately return to Leningrad, while his parents remained in Berdichev, where they perished in the Holocaust. Writer Vasily Grossman, whom Lembersky knew from childhood in Berdichev and whose family also perished in the city, collected documents and described the massacre of Berdichev in a detailed essay published the Black Book. In July 1941, Lembersky was wounded during the defense operations at the outskirts of Leningrad. He contracted typhoid and was brought back to the Academy, which was converted into a home and a hospital for its students, professors and staff during the war. Lembersky remained there during the first months of the Siege of Leningrad. He completed his thesis during the Siege and defended it in December 1941, earning a degree in easel painting with honors for academic achievement.[1]


Career


After the war, Lembersky entered the Leningrad Union of Artists (LOSKh, LOSSKh). He exhibited in national and privately organized art shows in Russia and his work was acquired by museums and private collectors. While living in Leningrad, he toured and worked in the Urals, Ladoga, Pskov and Baltic Republics. Much of his art was inspired by the Eastern Europe of his childhood—Ukraine and the Soviet Union. Among his most moving images are the portraits of fellow citizens and the places where he lived and visited.

Lembersky's art is rooted in the early Soviet Avant-Garde, with which he became acquainted at Kultur-Lige and while working as a theater sets designer in Kiev in the 1920s and early 1930s. He was further exposed to Avant-Garde at the Kiev Art Institute, where Kazimir Malevich and Vladimir Tatlin taught in the years prior to the ban of Avant-Garde in 1932; and their influence continued at the Institute into the 1930s, when Lembersky studied there. In Leningrad Lembersky visited the studios of the great Avant-Garde painter and theorist Pavel Filonov and a former member of the Knave of Diamonds, artist Aleksandr Osmerkin. At the Academy of Art, Lembersky attended art history lectures given by the Avant-Garde theorist Nikolay Punin.

Lembersky's art was also formed by his classical education at the Academy, where he learned realist and impressionist techniques at the studio of Russian painter Boris Loganson. Lembersky was highly regarded for his work. During enforced Socialist Realism and despite state-imposed restrictions on Western art, Lembersky continued to add many influences to his work, including German Expressionism, the French school, Mexican mural painting, Russian icons, African folk art, and Dutch and early Renaissance painting, among others. He was interested in modernist and contemporary literature, poetry, and theater. Music was essential to his art, he regularly attended concerts of classical music and personally knew many musicians, including Dmitri Shostakovich and conductor Natan Rakhlin, whose portrait he created in the Urals in 1943–44. He studied Western philosophy and mysticism. Lembersky's work is spiritual in defiance to atheism endorsed by the Soviet Union. His art is centered on the idea of a two-tiered reality, expressed in painting as a union between recognizable objects and hidden symbols shown "between the lines." He frequently included religious symbols in his paintings.

Lembersky was haunted by the memory of Holocaust. His 'Execution. Babi Yar' series (1944–52) are the earliest known artistic renderings of the Nazi massacres in Kiev. In his later work, he persistently brought back Holocaust symbols to his semi-abstract canvases. The themes of war and industrial labor—as alternating forces of destruction and reconstruction—appear again and again in his work. Yet, in contrast to the gravity of the content, Lembersky's paintings appeal to his viewers with brilliant color, light and formal beauty. His art speaks to the universal experience evoking emotional response and delighting the eye.[1][3][4][2]


Publications


[citation needed]

Selected Bibliography:

2013
2012

Joseph Troncale, Alison Hilton, Galina Lembersky and Lourdes Figueroa. Torn From Darkness: Works by Felix Lembersky. Richmond: The University of Richmond Museums, 2012; catalogue

2011
2010
2009
2007
2004
2003
1990s
1980s
1970s
1960s
1950s
1940s
1930s

References


  1. Феликс Лемберский. Живопись, Графика. Аннотация. LibroRoom. 2011 [2009]. ISBN 978-5-269-01080-9. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved February 22, 2013.
  2. Jesse Vestermark (2009). "Felix Lembersky, 1913–1970 : paintings and drawings" (PDF). Art Libraries Society of North America. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 7, 2010. Retrieved February 22, 2013. Digital copy at California Polytechnic State University {{cite web}}: External link in |quote= (help)
  3. ChaeRan Freeze. "Felix Lembersky's Art" (PDF file, direct download). Rose Art Museum, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Retrieved February 22, 2013.



На других языках


- [en] Felix Lembersky

[ru] Лемберский, Феликс Самойлович

Феликс Самойлович Лемберский (11 ноября 1913, Люблин, Российская империя — 2 декабря 1970, Ленинград, СССР) — российский советский живописец и педагог, член Ленинградского Союза художников.



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