art.wikisort.org - Artist

Huang Gongwang (1269–1354), birth name Lu Jian (Chinese: 陸堅; pinyin: Lù Jiān), was Chinese painter, poet, and writer born at the end of the Song dynasty in Changshu, Jiangsu. He was the oldest of the "Four Masters of the Yuan dynasty".

Huang Gongwang
Traditional Chinese	黃公望
Simplified Chinese	黄公望
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Huáng Gōngwàng Wade–Giles Huang2 Kung1-wang4 IPA [xwǎŋ kʊ́ŋwâŋ]
Style name
Traditional Chinese	子久
Simplified Chinese	子久
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Zǐ Jiǔ Wade–Giles Tzu3 Chiu3
Sobriquet
Traditional Chinese	大癡道人
Simplified Chinese	大痴道人
Literal meaning	A Silly Daoist
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Dàchī Dàorén Wade–Giles Ta4-ch'ih1 Tao4-jen2
Alternate sobriquet
Traditional Chinese	一峰道人
Simplified Chinese	一峰道人
Literal meaning	Daoist of One Peak
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Yīfēng Dàorén Wade–Giles I1-feng1 Tao4-jen2

Biography

At the age of 10, the Song dynasty fell to the Yuan dynasty and he, like many other Chinese scholars of the time, found his path to officialdom and a good career severely limited. "He was first an unranked ling-shih at a Surveillance Office in the Chiang-che Branch Secretariat (Province), probably engaged in some sort of land tax supervision. Later he served as a secretary in the metropolitan Censorate where he was unfortunately involved in the slander case of a minister, Chang Lu. He seems to have spent quite some time in jail before retreating into Taoism [as did many others of the age--another was the famous painter Ni Zan], completely disillusioned."[1] He spent his last years in the Fu-ch'un mountains near Hangzhou devoting himself to Taoism, where around 1350 he completed one of his most famous, and arguably greatest, works, Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains.

In art he rejected the landscape conventions of his era's Academy, but is now regarded as one of the great literati painters. Art historian James Cahill identified Huang Gongwang as the artist who "most decisively altered the course of landscape painting, creating models that would have a profound effect on landscapists of later centuries."[2] One of Huang Gongwang's strongest influences was his technique of using very dry brush strokes together with light ink washes (when colour is applied to a specific area using a soft-haired brush with wide strokes that blend them together into a unified wash) to build up his landscape paintings. He also wrote a treatise on landscape painting, Secrets of Landscape Painting (寫山水訣, Xiě Shānshuǐ Jué).

As was typical for Chinese scholar-officials of his era, he also wrote poetry and had some talent for music.

References

• Masterpieces of Chinese Art (pages 87–90), by Rhonda and Jeffrey Cooper, Todtri Productions, 1997. ISBN 1-57717-060-1
• James Cahill, "The Yuan Dynasty" in Three Thousand Years of Chinese Painting, ed. by Yang Xin, Richard M. Barnhart, et al. Yale University Press, 1997.
• Sherman E. Lee and Wai-Kam Ho. Chinese Art Under the Mongols: The Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368). The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1968.

External links

• Landscapes Clear and Radiant: The Art of Wang Hui (1632-1717), an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Huang Gongwang (see index)
• Huang Gongwang and "Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains" at the National Palace Museum

На других языках

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- [en] Huang Gongwang

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[es] Huang Gongwang

Huáng Gōngwàng (黃公望) (1269-1354) pintor chino de Jiangsu. Fue el más anciano de los "cuatro maestros de la dinastía Yuan",.[1][nota 1], junto a Wang Meng, Wu Zhen y Ni Zan. Se hizo sacerdote taoísta después de haber sido funcionario. Pasó sus últimos años en las montañas de Fu-ch'un cerca de Hangzhou, dedicándose al taoísmo.

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[fr] Huang Gongwang

Huang Gongwang ou Houang Kong-Wang ou Huang Kung-Wang (chinois:黃公望, 1269-1354), surnom : Zijiu, nom de famille Lu Jian (chinois: 陸堅; pinyin: Lù Jiān), noms de pinceau : Yifeng, Dazhi et Jingxi Daoren, né en 1269, originaire de Changzhou, province de Jiangsu, mort en 1354 : peintre chinois de la dynastie Yuan [1]. Il est considéré comme l'un des « quatre maîtres » de la fin des Yuan, avec Wu Zhen (1280-1354), Ni Zan (1301-1375) et Wang Meng (v.1308-v.1385).

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[it] Huang Gongwang

Huang Gongwang[1], pseudonimo di Lu Jian (黃公望T, Huáng GōngwàngP; Pingjiang, 1269 – 1354), è stato un pittore cinese.

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[ru] Хуан Гунван

Хуан Гунван (кит. 黃公望 ; род. 1269 г. — ум. 1354 г.) — выдающийся китайский художник эпохи Юань.

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