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Hugo Gerhard Simberg (24 June 1873 – 12 July 1917) was a Finnish symbolist painter and graphic artist.

Hugo Simberg
Born
Hugo Gerhard Simberg

(1873-06-24)24 June 1873
Hamina, Grand Duchy of Finland, Russian Empire
(now Hamina, Finland)
Died12 July 1917(1917-07-12) (aged 44)
Ähtäri, Grand Duchy of Finland, Russian Republic
(now Ähtäri, Finland)
NationalityFinnish
Known forPainter
MovementSymbolism

Life and career


The birthplace of Hugo Simberg in the town of Hamina
The birthplace of Hugo Simberg in the town of Hamina
Working on the Tampere Cathedral frescoes, 1904
Working on the Tampere Cathedral frescoes, 1904

Simberg was born on 24 June 1873, at Hamina (in the original Swedish: Fredrikshamn), the son of Colonel Nicolai Simberg and Ebba Matilda Simberg (née Widenius).[1] In 1891, at the age of 18, he enrolled at the Drawing School of the Viipuri Friends of Art, and he also studied at the Drawing School of the Finnish Art Society from 1893 to 1895, but in 1895 he decided to become the private pupil of Akseli Gallen-Kallela at his wilderness studio Kalela in Ruovesi. He studied under Gallen-Kallela for three periods between 1895 and 1897.[1][2]

In 1896 Simberg went to London, and in 1897 to Paris and Italy. During these years he exhibited several works at the Finnish Artists' autumn exhibitions, including Autumn, Frost, The Devil Playing and Aunt Alexandra (1898), which were well received. Critical success led to his being made a member of the Finnish Art Association and to his being appointed to teach at the Drawing School of the Viipuri Friends of Art.[1]

In 1904 he was commissioned to decorate the interior of St John's church in Tampere (now Tampere Cathedral), a project which he carried out with Magnus Enckell between 1904 and 1906. At the turn of the year 1907-08 he made a short visit to the United States.[1] He also designed the UPM-Kymmene logo, the Griffon (1899).

From around 1907 to 1913 he taught at the Drawing School of the Finnish Art Association at Ateneum.[1] In 1910, he married Anni Bremer. They had two children, Tom and Uhra-Beata, the latter of whom became a rya artist.[3]

He died in Ähtäri on 12 July 1917.[1][4] His biographer, Helena Ruuska, suspects that he battled an unknown disease, possibly syphilis, for a long time.[5][6][7][8]


Style


Simberg's paintings emphasize mainly macabre and supernatural topics.[9] Simberg's most famous painting is The Wounded Angel. Its titular character appears in the shape of a winged angel with a bandaged head, borne on a stretcher by two somberly dressed boys, one of whom looks toward the viewer with a serious expression. The painting is the best known of the artist's works and is especially famous in Finland.[1] The Finnish symphonic metal band Nightwish released in 2007 a music video influenced by this painting, "Amaranth".

Another famous painting is The Garden of Death, which, like many of Simberg's paintings, depicts a gloomy, otherworldly scene. The central figures are reminiscent of the classic black-clad Grim Reaper, but paradoxically are tending to gardens, traditionally symbols of birth or renewal.[11]



See also: Tampere Cathedral
  • Frost (fi), 1895, gouache
    Frost (fi), 1895, gouache
  • Autumn I, 1895
    Autumn I, 1895
  • Autumn II, 1895
    Autumn II, 1895
  • Poppy, 1896
    Poppy, 1896
  • On the Stream of Life, 1896
    On the Stream of Life, 1896
  • King Hobgoblin Sleeping, 1896
    King Hobgoblin Sleeping, 1896
  • The Devil Playing, 1896[note 1]
    The Devil Playing, 1896[note 1]
  • The Devil by the Pot (fi), 1897
    The Devil by the Pot (fi), 1897
  • Spring Evening During the Break-Up of the Ice, 1897 (fi)
    Spring Evening During the Break-Up of the Ice, 1897 (fi)
  • The Wind Blows, 1897
    The Wind Blows, 1897
  • Aunt, 1898
    Aunt, 1898
  • The Poor Devil with its Twins, 1898, watercolor and oil
    The Poor Devil with its Twins, 1898, watercolor and oil
  • The Farmer's Wife and the Poor Devil with its Twins, 1899
    The Farmer's Wife and the Poor Devil with its Twins, 1899
  • Yawning Snake, 1899, painted on his travels in the Caucasus
    Yawning Snake, 1899, painted on his travels in the Caucasus
  • Potato Girl, 1901
    Potato Girl, 1901
  • Brothers, early 1900s
    Brothers, early 1900s
  • Simberg's frescoes in the Tampere Cathedral, 1904–1906
    Simberg's frescoes in the Tampere Cathedral, 1904–1906
  • Sheep Girl, 1913
    Sheep Girl, 1913
  • Towards the evening, 1913
    Towards the evening, 1913
Death series
  • The Peasant and Death at the Gates of Heaven and Hell, 1897, watercolor
    The Peasant and Death at the Gates of Heaven and Hell, 1897, watercolor
  • Death Listens, 1897, watercolor, exemplifying Simberg's typical patient Death who politely first listens to the violin performance before taking the old woman[12][13]
    Death Listens, 1897, watercolor, exemplifying Simberg's typical patient Death who politely first listens to the violin performance before taking the old woman[12][13]
  • Death and the Potato Peeler, unknown date
    Death and the Potato Peeler, unknown date
  • Playmates, 1897, line engraving on copper plate
    Playmates, 1897, line engraving on copper plate
  • At the Gate of Tuonela, 1898, oil on canvas
    At the Gate of Tuonela, 1898, oil on canvas
  • Dance on the Quay, 1899, gouache
    Dance on the Quay, 1899, gouache
  • Travel Companions, 1901, gouache
    Travel Companions, 1901, gouache

See also



Notes


  1. Simberg describes how in London at dusk he saw youths gathering at a park, forming a circle, with a man and a woman entering the center and beginning to passionately kiss. He described the feeling as if he had heard the devil playing somewhere nearby.[5]

References


  1. Syvälahti, Hanne. "Hugo Simberg elämäkerta". Didrichsen Museum. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
  2. "Hugo Simberg". Artist Register. Artists' Association of Finland. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  3. Priha, Päikki (9 October 2006). "Simberg-Ehrström, Uhra (1914 - 1979)". Kansallisbiografia. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  4. Leiwo, Hanne (11 June 2017). "Hugo Simbergin kuolemasta 100 vuotta – muistomerkki paljastettiin kuolinpaikalla Ähtärissä". Yle. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  5. Ruuska, Helena (2018). Hugo Simberg: pirut ja enkelit. Werner Söderström. ISBN 9789510421826.
  6. Halonen, Kaisa (22 November 2018). "Helena Ruuska penkoi Hugo Simbergin elämää kahden ja puolen vuoden ajan, mutta jotkut kysymykset jäivät vastausta vaille". Kirkko ja kaupunki. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
  7. Varjus, Seppo (7 October 2018). "Hugo Simbergin enkeli antoi kasvot sisällissodan julmuudelle – vaikka synkkä salaisuus vei maalarin hautaan jo ennen". Ilta-Sanomat. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
  8. Kotiranta, Pirkko (24 October 2018). "Vaiettu sairaus leimasi piruja ja enkeleitä maalanneen Hugo Simbergin elämää – uusi elämäkerta tuo julki monia puuttuvia palasia". Helsingin Sanomat. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  9. Kruskopf, Erik (20 June 2019). "Simberg, Hugo (1873 - 1917)". National Biography of Finland (in Finnish). Retrieved 9 May 2020.
  10. "Haavoittunut enkeli on suomalaisten suosikkitaulu". Yle. 2 December 2006. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  11. Pellinen, Kirsi (2016). "Symbolistinen taidevalokuva tunneilmaisukeinona: Kuinka tulkita ja ilmaista symbolistisen taidevalokuvan keinoin?" (PDF). Theseus. OAMK. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  12. "355. Hugo Simberg (1873-1917) Kuoleman puutarha". Hagelstam. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  13. Simberg, Jan (2011). "Jan Simberg: Hugo Simberg - Maailmalla matkaaja, Tuonelan tutkaaja". Filosofiklubi. Retrieved 4 July 2020.

Further reading





На других языках

[de] Hugo Simberg

Hugo Gerhard Simberg (* 24. Juni 1873 in Hamina; † 12. Juli 1917 in Ähtäri, Finnland) war ein finnischer Maler und Graphiker des Symbolismus.
- [en] Hugo Simberg

[fr] Hugo Simberg

Hugo Gerhard Simberg, né le 24 juin 1873 à Hamina (grand-duché de Finlande) et décédé le 12 juillet 1917 à Ähtäri, est un artiste peintre symboliste, graphiste et sculpteur finlandais d'ascendance suédoise[1],[2].

[it] Hugo Simberg

Hugo Gerhard Simberg (Hamina, 24 giugno 1873 – Ähtäri, 12 luglio 1917) è stato un pittore, grafico e scultore finlandese. Di origini svedesi, aderì alla corrente simbolista.[1][2]

[ru] Симберг, Хуго

Ху́го Си́мберг (фин. Hugo Simberg, 24 июня 1873, Хамина — 12 июля 1917, Эхтяри) — финский художник и график, крупнейший представитель финского символизма. Известен своими произведениями, представляющими многоплановые образы, жизнь и смерть, ангелов и чертей. Автор части росписей и витражей собора Иоанна Богослова в Тампере. Картина Симберга «Раненый ангел», изображающая двух мальчиков, несущих ангела на носилках, является визитной карточкой северного символизма и очень популярна при оформлении различных обложек и иллюстраций.


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