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Charles d’Orville Pilkington Jackson RSA, FRBS, FRSA (11 October 1887 – 20 September 1973) was a British sculptor prominent in Scotland in the 20th Century. Throughout his career he worked closely with the architect Sir Robert Lorimer. He is most noteworthy for his creation of one of Scotland’s most iconic landmarks, the statue of Robert the Bruce at Bannockburn.

Charles d’Orville Pilkington Jackson
Born	Charles d'Orville 11 October 1887 Grampound, Cornwall, England
Died	20 September 1973(1973-09-20) (aged 85) Edinburgh, Scotland
Nationality	British
Alma mater	Edinburgh College of Art
Known for	Sculpture

Early life

Charles d'Orville Pilkington Jackson was born at Garlenick near Grampound, Cornwall the son of Ethel Katie D'Orville Smith.[1] She had married his father on the 3rd May 1886, 22 year old medical student Louis Pilkington Jackson in an irregular marriage at 138 George Street, Glasgow. [2]

Charles attended the Edinburgh Institution from 1905 and the newly established Edinburgh College of Art in 1907, studying design and sculpture.[3] He graduated in 1910 and received a travelling scholarship of £100, which he used to visit the British School in Rome. Whilst in Rome he worked with Giacomo Boni on the rebuilding of the Arch of Titus.[3]

Career

In 1911, on his return to Scotland, he established himself in a studio with William MacDonald, a bronze founder. During World War 1 he served with the British Army as a subaltern in the Royal Field Artillery and the Intelligence Corps in Egypt and Palestine, being Mentioned in Dispatches.[3]

After the war he received numerous commissions to design war memorials and these extend across the whole width and breadth of Scotland. He was appointed as "supervising sculptor" for the Scottish National War Memorial, which was planned and built within Edinburgh Castle between 1919 and 1927.[1] He was also commissioned to create numerous memorials to famous Scots, including tableaux at the David Livingstone Centre, and a memorial to Elsie Inglis, on which he collaborated with Sir Frank Mears.[3] In 1929 he went on holiday to Sweden with Robert Lorimer[4] and visited the eminent Swedish sculptor Carl Milles whom he acknowledged as a great influence on his work.[3]

In the Second World War, although being far beyond the age of conscription at 52, he again joined the army, this time serving in Scotland as a Gun Operations Room Officer for coastal defence guns. He had an extremely long working career leading to his most famous commission, the statue of Robert the Bruce being executed in 1964 at the age of 76. The mounted statue of Robert the Bruce forms the focal point of the memorial to the 1314 Battle of Bannockburn, and is sited to face southwards, from which direction the English army approached. The statue and monument are listed at category A, and are included as one of the 60 DoCoMoMo Key Scottish Monuments of the post-war period.[5][6] A copy of this sculpture stands at the Alberta College of Art and Design in Canada, and an alternative version of the monument, showing Bruce on a rearing horse, was later installed at the Chivas Brothers Distillery in Paisley.[1]

Pilkington Jackson exhibited regularly at the Royal Scottish Academy, and was elected as an academician in 1956. He also served on the Royal Fine Art Commission for Scotland, and taught at Edinburgh College of Art in the late 1920s.

Death

Pilkington died in Edinburgh on the 20 September 1973.[3] His body was cremated and his ashes were buried at Lasswade Cemetery, at the North end of the modern section. He designed both his own gravestone (following the death of his wife, Eve Cornish Dening, 1885-1951), and that of his parents, which stands alongside. His son, Richard D'Orville Pilkington Jackson (1921-2009), was interred in the same grave.

Principal works

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1910–1919

• Plaque to Sophia Jex-Blake at Edinburgh University’s Medical School (1912)
• Memorial to Dr Ramsay Traquair Colinton Churchyard (1913) (to a design by Traquair’s wife)
• Memorial to his paternal grandmother Harriet E. Moore in Morningside Cemetery, Edinburgh (1919)
• Sculpture on the Scottish National War Memorial (1919-1927) at Edinburgh Castle in conjunction with Sir Robert Lorimer[7][8][9]

1920–1924

• Markinch war memorial (1920)
• Tarbrax war memorial (1920)
• West Linton war memorial (1920)
• Balquhidder war memorial (1920)[10]
• Haddington war memorial (1920)
• St Mary’s Episcopal Cathedral War Memorial (1920)
• Memorial to the 5th Battalion Royal Scots in the Great War, St. Giles Cathedral (1921)[11]
• “Scotsman” office war memorial (1921)
• Dalbeattie war memorial (1921)
• Castle Douglas war memorial (1921)
• Bank of Scotland war memorial in Royal Bank of Scotland, Glasgow Road, Edinburgh (1921)[12]
• Heart of Midlothian war memorial, Haymarket, Edinburgh (1921) (Removed 2012 due to Edinburgh Trams project).
• Kelso, Scottish Borders war memorial (1921) with Sir Robert Lorimer[13][14]
• Rothesay, Bute war memorial (1922)[15][16]
• Colinton war memorial (1922)
• Coldstream war memorial (1922)
• Keith, Moray war memorial (1922)
• British Linen Bank war memorial in the Royal Bank of Scotland headquarters, Dundas House, St Andrew's Square, Edinburgh (1922)[17]
• Edinburgh Academy war memorial (1922)
• Loretto School war memorial (1922)
• Eton College war memorial (1922)
• Elsie Inglis memorial St Giles' Cathedral (1922) (with Sir Frank Mears)[7]
• Royal Army Medical Corps war memorial, St. Giles Cathedral (1923)
• Edinburgh University war memorial in Old College (1923, extended 1952)[18]
• Group of three medallion heads in St. Giles Cathedral to John Stuart Blackie, Thomas Chalmers and Dr John Brown (1923)
• Angel corbels and stone communion table, Paisley Abbey (1923-6)
• Replacement head (in bronze) on the tomb of the 9th Lord Belhaven and Stenton (originally by William Birnie Rhind, 1896), Dean Cemetery (1924)[19]
• Alloa war memorial (1924) in conjunction with Sir Robert Lorimer[20]

1925–1929

• Church screen, St Serfs Church, Ferry Road, Edinburgh (1926)
• Workington war memorial (1927)
• Decoration at Stowe School (including chapel) (1927)
• Sculpture of pelican, porch wall, St Andrew's Garrison Church, Aldershot (1927)[21]
• Earl Haig Memorial (bust), Scottish National War Memorial, Edinburgh Castle (1928)
• Leslie, Fife war memorial (1929)

1930–1939

• Pair of low relief gilded bronze heads flanking the Thistle Chapel in St. Giles Cathedral to James Cameron Lees and Andrew Wallace Williamson (1931)
• A series of bronze tableaux depicting the life of David Livingstone for the David Livingstone Centre at Blantyre (1929)[22]
• Series of 82 military statuettes for the United Services Museum in Edinburgh Castle (1929–33)
• Mock 16th century inscriptions on the front of Huntly House, Canongate, Edinburgh (1930)
• Monument to the child author Marjorie Fleming in Kirkcaldy Parish Church (1930)
• Bust of Gerard Baldwin Brown, Edinburgh University (1931)[23]
• Robert Lister Bower memorial (1931)
• Memorial to King Khama III (1933)
• Sculpture over entrance, Dundee Street Library, Edinburgh (1938)
• Foam, fountain at the Empire Exhibition Glasgow (1938)

1940–1949

• Monument to John Charles Fraser Gibson, killed in a plane crash in Mombasa 1945, St. Serfs Church, Ferry Road, Edinburgh (1946)[24]
• Repairs and WW2 additions to Sheffield war memorial (1946)
• Fettes College war memorial WW2 additions and extension (1947)
• "Orographical Globe" at Eton College (1948)
• Dunkeld war memorial (1948)
• Devondale war memorial (WW2) in Tillicoultry (1949)

1950–1959

• "Henge-style" monument to the Royal Scots at the east end of Princes Street Gardens (1950) (with Sir Frank Mears)[7][25][26]
• 603 Squadron memorial, Edinburgh (1950)
• Creation of a formal ceremonial Mace for St. Andrews University (1950)
• Memorial to Sir John Maxwell Erskine (1951)
• Cupar war memorial WW2 additions (1951)
• Carvings for Adam House, Chambers Street, Edinburgh (1954)
• Badges signs and logos for the Scottish Tourist Board (1954–56)
• Bust of James Clerk Maxwell for University of Aberdeen, Marischal College (1956) A later copy is displayed at the James Clerk Maxwell Foundation

1960 and later

• Bronze bust of Frederick Lugard for the National Portrait Gallery, London (1960)
• Royal Scots Fusiliers memorial, Ayr (1960)
• The statue of Robert the Bruce mounted on a war-horse at Bannockburn in the centre of the battlefield (1964)[27][5]
• Fibreglass sculpture of Robert the Bruce on a rearing horse (a working model not chosen for use on the Bannockburn site) at the Chivas Brothers Distillery in Paisley (1964)
• La Poliche Libre at the Royal Scottish Academy (1972)

References

• Papers of the late Charles D'Orville Pilkington Jackson Esq, National Library of Scotland, Inventory account 7445
• McWilliam, Colin; Gifford, John; Walker, David (1984). Edinburgh. The Buildings of Scotland. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-071068-7.

External links

• 46 artworks by or after Pilkington Jackson at the Art UK site
• Media related to Charles d'Orville Pilkington Jackson at Wikimedia Commons
• Charles d'Orville Pilkington Jackson (1887-1973), Sculptor, in the collection of the National Portrait Gallery, London

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