art.wikisort.org - Artist

Theophanes the Greek (sometimes "Feofan Grek" from the Russian: Феофан Грек, Greek: Θεοφάνης; c. 1340 – c. 1410) was a Byzantine Greek artist and one of the greatest icon painters of Muscovite Russia, who influenced the 15th-century painting style of the Novgorod school and the subsequent Moscow school.[1] He was noted as the teacher and mentor of the great Andrei Rublev.[2]

Theophanes the Greek
Virgin and Child (Donskaya)
Born	1340 Constantinople (modern-day İstanbul, Turkey)
Died	1410 Russia
Nationality	Greek
Movement	Byzantine Iconography

Life and work

Theophanes was from the capital of the Byzantine Empire, Constantinople.[3] After studying art and philosophy at the University of Constantinople, he moved to Novgorod in 1370, and in 1395 to Moscow. His style is considered unsurpassed in expression achieved by almost mono-colored painting. Some of his contemporaries observed that he appeared to be "painting with a broom", in reference to the bold, broad execution in some of his finest frescos (see St. Makarios of Egypt), which are unique in the larger Byzantine tradition. Theophanes was described by the Muscovites as "learned in philosophy", a reflection on his broad education and erudition. A hint of this might be gathered from his panel icon of the Transfiguration of Jesus, where the arresting geometry and brilliance of the figure of Christ is balanced against the ordered disarray of the earthbound Apostles, strewn about doll-like in the uncreated Light of Mount Tabor. The balance of mathematical harmony in line and shape, wed to a master's use of an earthtone palette and precious gold leaf, evokes a spirituality that is immensely powerful, and speaks to the genius of this relatively unknown painter. According to a contemporary source Theophanes was also famous as a manuscript illuminator.[3]

Gallery

Frescoes

• 
  Transfiguration of Jesus 1408
• 
  Christ Pantocrator
• 
  Trinity
• 
  Abel
• 
  St. Daniel the Stylite
• 
  St. Macarius of Egypt

Icons

• 
  Dormition of the Theotokos (Uspenie Bogoroditsy)
• 
  The Virgin Mary, Cathedral of the Annunciation in the Moscow Kremlin
• 
  John the Baptist pair with the Virgin

Notable works

Frescos

Theophanes decorated in fresco the walls and ceilings of many churches including:

• the Church of the Transfiguration on Ilin Street in Novgorod (1378)
• the church of Nativity of Mary (1395) of the Moscow Kremlin together with Semen Chernij)
• Archangel Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin (1399)
• The Cathedral of the Annunciation of the Moscow Kremlin (1405)

Icons

Although he created panel icons, works attributed to Theophanes have become a topic of intense academic debate based on historical evidence. Prior to this debate, he was traditionally considered the author of famous panel icons, notably:

• Our Lady of the Don (1380?)
• Dormition of the Virgin Mary (1392)
• The Virgin Mary and John the Baptist from the iconostasis of the Cathedral of the Annunciation in the Moscow Kremlin (1405?)
• The Transfiguration (1408)

See also

• List of Russian artists

External links

• The school of Theophanos the Greek in medieval Crimea

References

На других языках

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- [en] Theophanes the Greek

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[es] Teófanes el griego

Teófanes el Griego (también conocido como Feofán Grek, en ruso, Феофáн Грек, en griego: Θεοφάνης; c. 1340-c. 1410) fue un artista griego bizantino nacido en Constantinopla, que es reconocido como uno de los grandes pintores de iconos. Realizó la mayor parte de su trabajo en la Rusia moscovita, donde además entrenó a otros artistas, entre ellos a Andréi Rubliov.[1]

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[fr] Théophane le Grec

Théophane le Grec (en russe : Феофа́н Грек, en grec : Theophanès, né vers 1350 dans l'Empire byzantin, mort vers 1410 en Russie) est un peintre et iconographe russe d'origine Byzantine. Il a été le maître d'Andreï Roublev. Avec Prokhor de Gorodets et Roublev, il peint, en 1405, l'iconostase de la cathédrale de l'Annonciation de Moscou.

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[it] Teofane il Greco

Teofane il Greco (1335 circa – 1410 circa) è stato un pittore bizantino.

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[ru] Феофан Грек

Феофа́н Грек (около 1340 — около 1410) — византийский и русский иконописец, миниатюрист и мастер монументальных фресковых росписей.

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