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Henri (Hans) van de Waal (3 March 1910 – 7 May 1972) was a Dutch writer and art historian known for developing Iconclass.

Henri (Hans) van de Waal
Born3 March 1910
Rotterdam
Died7 May 1972
Leiden
NationalityKingdom of the Netherlands

Van de Waal was born in Rotterdam. In 1934 he finished his education as an art historian in Leiden with a monography on Jan van Goyen.[1] He accepted a position at the National Print Cabinet in The Hague, where he began work on a German concept of image-based historical research, which due to the special circumstances of the interbellum period was drastically reduced. He eventually finished his PhD thesis 12 July 1940, cum laude, on the patriotic subject of Zeventiende eeuwsche uitbeeldingen van den Bataafschen Opstand (17th-century images of the Batavian Revolt). Four months later he was dismissed as part of the actions by the German occupational forces against Jews.[1]

Grave of Hans van de Waal in Katwijk
Grave of Hans van de Waal in Katwijk

Soon after being released from captivity in Westerbork in 1945, he took up work as an assistant professor in Leiden, but was appointed a full professorship in art history the same December. In 1946 he presented his ideas about mapping the iconography of art history with "beeld-leer", an image-based concept of recording form, function and content with one code.[1] He remained professor and director of the print cabinet until his death resulting from kidney damage contracted during a case of scarlet fever he had while in Westerbork.[2]

Van de Waal was elected a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1957.[3]

His "beeld-leer" resulted in the D.I.A.L. (Decimal Index of the Art of the Low Countries) based on the Dewey Decimal System, and later called Iconclass. Henri van de Waal died in Leiden.


Episodes


For an image titled View of the Heiligewegspoort (Heiligeweg gate) attributed to Lievens, Henri van de Waal had pointed out that its creator could be Jan Andrea Lievens, or the son of the attributed. Werner Sumowski took that suggestion into account and in editing Lievens's catalogue, the picture in question was not included.[4][5] Among the same collection presently at Leiden University, van de Waal also noted "Man arriving in a village, a sheep on his shoulders, Old Testament scene?" could be a copy after Van Bronckhorst, which is now attributed to Jan Gerritsz van Bronckhorst.[6]

Van de Waal nominated Albertus Welcker for an honorary doctorate in arts and philosophy in 1955, as the year fell on the "Rembrandt Year", recognizing Welcker's endeavor and contribution on building a collection of Dutch paintings.[7] Jaap Hillenius exchanged letters with Van de Waal, and one such is among the collection of the Library of Linden University with a drawing of a standing man on the wrong side.[8]


Works


Letters


References


  1. Henri van de Waal in the NNBW
  2. Henri van de Waal on the Westerbork memorial website
  3. "Hans van de Waal (1910 - 1972)". Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
  4. Lievens, Jan (1607-1674) (1625). "View of the Heiligewegspoort (Heiligeweg gate) in Amsterdam PK-T-1625". digitalcollections.universiteitleiden.nl. Leiden University. Retrieved 2019-10-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. Schneider, H. (1932) Jan Lievens: sein leben und seine werke. Haarlem : De Erven F. Bohn N.V.
  6. "Man arriving in a village, a sheep on his shoulders, Old Testament scene? PK-T-AW-1048". Digital Collections. Leiden University. Retrieved 2019-10-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. "Collection Albertus Welcker (ubl082)". Digital Collections. Liden University. Retrieved 2019-10-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. Hillenius, Jaap (1964). "Standing man (verso: Letter to Henri van de Waal) PK-1964-T-6". Digital Collections. Retrieved 2019-10-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  9. "General survey of the system of classification [devised by H. van de Waal] which has been used in our iconographic index ... together with lists of some of the principal groups and subdivisions." OCLC 933152121. Den Haag, [publisher not identified], 1958.
  10. "Collection Catalogues of the Holdings of Leiden University Libraries (ubl091) | Digital Collections". digitalcollections.universiteitleiden.nl. Retrieved 2019-10-26.
  11. "Collectie Icones Leidenses". Digital Collections. Retrieved 2019-10-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)



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