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Antonio Fontanesi (23 February 1818 – 17 April 1882) was an Italian painter who lived in Meiji period Japan between 1876 and 1878. He introduced European oil painting techniques to Japan, and exerted a significant role in the development of modern Japanese yōga (Western style) painting. He is known for his works in the romantic style of the French Barbizon school.

Antonio Fontanesi
Antonio Fontanesi
Born	(1818-02-23)23 February 1818 Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna
Died	17 April 1882(1882-04-17) (aged 64) Turin, Italy
Nationality	Italian
Occupation	artist

Early life

Fontanesi was born in Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, and trained with the landscape painters Prospero Minghetti and Vincenzo Carnevali. From 1841 to 1846 he made theatre sets and began painting landscapes.

In 1848, he joined a group of Garibaldian volunteers, that went to Milan to fight with the Manara Legion, against the Austrians.[1] In 1859, he was again to briefly join Cavour's armed forces in Bologna.

In 1850, he moved to Geneva, where he stayed until 1865. His main area of interest was landscape painting, which he expanded on after visiting the 1855 Exposition Universelle in Paris. In 1863, he attempted to settle in London, but found few commissions or work. he completed a series of watercolors of paintings in the National Gallery. He returned to Florence, where he stayed with the fellow painter Cristiano Banti.[2]

He participated in important artistic exhibitions, displaying his works in Lyon, Turin, Milan, Florence, Genoa and the Triennial Exhibition of Fine Art in Bologna. He was nominated professor at the Academy of Lucca, but moved to Turin when a chair as a landscape professor was created specially for him at the Accademia Albertina in Turin from 1869 to 1876. Among his pupils was Carlo Follini.

Career in Japan

In 1876, the Technical Fine Arts School (Kobu Bijutsu Gakko), (later part of the University of Technology, and later the Tokyo Institute of Technology), an art school of painting and sculpture was founded in Tokyo under the supervision of the Ministry of Industry. It was the first governmental art school founded in Japan.

Upon recommendation of the Italian minister to Tokyo, Count Alessandro Fè d'Ostiani, the Meiji government contracted three Italian artists as foreign advisors: Vincenzo Ragusa (1841–1927) for sculpture, Antonio Fontanesi for drawing and Giovanni Cappelletti (died 1885) for the preparatory course. The trio greatly influenced the development of Japanese art and architecture through the next several decades. The acceptance of teachers in art from Italy alone was based on the unofficial government policy of accepting military advice from France, industrial advice from Great Britain, agricultural advice from the United States, and legal and medical advice from Germany.

Fontanesi introduced the techniques of charcoal, crayon and oil paints to his Japanese students, who included Asai Chū and Yamamoto Hosui. He also taught western concepts of perspective, anatomy and sketching from life. His career in Japan was cut short by serious illness, which forced him to return to Italy in 1878.

See also

• Oyatoi gaikokujin
• Edoardo Chiossone
• Vincenzo Ragusa

References

• Mason, Penelope. History of Japanese Art. Prentice Hall (2001). ISBN 0-13-117602-1
• Sadao Tsuneko, et al. Discovering the Arts of Japan: A Historical Overview. Oxford University Press (2003). ISBN 4-7700-2939-X
• [3]

На других языках

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[de] Antonio Fontanesi

Antonio Fontanesi (* 23. Februar 1818 in Reggio nell’Emilia; † 17. April 1882 in Turin) war ein italienischer Maler.

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- [en] Antonio Fontanesi

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[es] Antonio Fontanesi

Antonio Fontanesi (Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romaña, Italia, 23 de febrero de 1818 – 17 de abril de 1882) fue un pintor italiano que vivió en el periodo Meiji en Japón entre 1876 y 1878. Introdujo técnicas europeas de pintura al óleo a Japón, y ejerció un rol significativo en el desarrollo del estilo Occidental moderno japonés yōga. Es conocido para sus trabajos en el estilo romántico de la escuela francesa Barbizon.

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[fr] Antonio Fontanesi

Antonio Fontanesi (né le 23 février 1818 à Reggio d'Émilie, en Émilie-Romagne - mort le 17 avril 1882) à Turin) est un peintre et graveur italien du XIXe siècle.

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[it] Antonio Fontanesi

Antonio Fontanesi (Reggio nell'Emilia, 23 febbraio 1818 – Torino, 17 aprile 1882) è stato un pittore, incisore, docente e militare italiano.

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