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Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin (Russian: Ива́н Ива́нович Ши́шкин; 25 January 1832 – 20 March 1898) was a Russian landscape painter closely associated with the Peredvizhniki movement.

Ivan Shishkin
Иван Иванович Шишкин
Born(1832-01-25)25 January 1832
Yelabuga, Vyatka Governorate, Russian Empire
Died20 March 1898(1898-03-20) (aged 66)
St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
NationalityRussian
EducationMember Academy of Arts (1865)
Professor by rank (1873)[1]
Alma materMoscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture;
Imperial Academy of Arts (1860)[1]
Known forPainting
Notable workMorning in a Pine Forest (with Konstantin Savitsky, 1878)
A Rye Field (1878)
MovementRealism, Peredvizhniki
AwardsSilver Medal (1858)
Minor Golden Medal (1859)
Grand Golden Medal (1860)[1]
Patron(s)Pavel Tretyakov

Biography


Portrait of Shishkin by Ivan Kramskoi (1873)
Portrait of Shishkin by Ivan Kramskoi (1873)
Russian stamps with the portrait of Shishkin
Russian stamps with the portrait of Shishkin

Shishkin was born to a Russian merchant family in Yelabuga of Vyatka Governorate (today Republic of Tatarstan) and graduated from the Kazan gymnasium. Then he studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture for four years. After that, he attended the Saint Petersburg Imperial Academy of Arts from 1856 to 1860 and graduated with the highest honours and a gold medal. He received the imperial scholarship for his further studies in Europe.

Five years later Shishkin became a member of the Imperial Academy in St. Petersburg and was professor of painting from 1873 to 1898. At the same time, Shishkin headed the landscape painting class at the Highest Art School in St. Petersburg.

For some time, Shishkin lived and worked in Switzerland and Germany on scholarship from the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy of Arts. On his return to Saint Petersburg, he became a member of the Circle of the Itinerants and of the Society of Russian Etchers. He also took part in exhibitions at the Academy of Arts, the All-Russian Exhibition in Moscow (1882), the Nizhniy Novgorod (1896), and the World Fairs (Paris, 1867 and 1878, and Vienna, 1873). Shishkin's painting method was based on analytical studies of nature. He became famous for his forest landscapes and was also an outstanding draftsman and a printmaker.

Ivan Shishkin owned a dacha in Vyra, south from St. Petersburg. There he painted some of his finest landscapes. His works are notable for poetic depiction of seasons in the woods, wild nature, animals and birds. In 1891, he was appointed professor-director of the landscape class in the Academy's Advanced Art School. In 1898, he completed his painting The Pine Grove and died on 20 March in St. Petersburg, while working on his new painting.[2]

A minor planet 3558 Shishkin, discovered by Soviet astronomer Lyudmila Zhuravlyova in 1978, is named after him.[3]




References


  1. Directory of the Imperial Academy of Arts 1915, p. 224.
  2. Charles, Victoria, Ivan Shishkin, Parkstone Press International, 2014.
  3. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names (5th ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. p. 299. ISBN 3-540-00238-3.

Literary sources




Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ivan Shishkin.

На других языках

[de] Iwan Iwanowitsch Schischkin

Iwan Iwanowitsch Schischkin (russisch Иван Иванович Шишкин, wiss. Transliteration Ivan Ivanovič Šiškin; * 13. Januarjul. / 25. Januar 1832greg. in Jelabuga; † 8. Märzjul. / 20. März 1898greg. in Sankt Petersburg) war ein russischer Maler und Grafiker sowie ein Mitglied der Peredwischniki.
- [en] Ivan Shishkin

[es] Iván Shishkin

Iván Ivánovich Shishkin (en ruso, Ива́н Ива́нович Ши́шкин; 13 de enerojul./ 25 de enero de 1832greg., Yelábuga (Gobernación de Viatka, Imperio ruso) – 20 de marzo de 1898, San Petersburgo) fue un pintor paisajista, grabador y miembro fundador de la Sociedad de Exposiciones Artísticas Itinerantes.

[fr] Ivan Chichkine

Ivan Ivanovitch Chichkine (en russe : Иван Иванович Шишкин) né le 13 janvier 1832 (25 janvier 1832 dans le calendrier grégorien) à Ielabouga et mort le 8 mars 1898 (20 mars 1898 dans le calendrier grégorien) à Saint-Pétersbourg, est un peintre et graveur russe.

[it] Ivan Ivanovič Šiškin

Ivan Ivanovič Šiškin (Elabuga, 25 gennaio 1832 – San Pietroburgo, 20 marzo 1898) è stato un pittore russo associato al movimento dei Peredvižniki.

[ru] Шишкин, Иван Иванович

Ива́н Ива́нович Ши́шкин (13 (25) января 1832[Комм 1], Елабуга, Вятская губерния, Российская империя — 8 (20) марта 1898, Санкт-Петербург, Российская империя) — русский художник-пейзажист, живописец, рисовальщик и гравёр-аквафортист.


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