art.wikisort.org - Artist

Zeuxis (/ˈzjuːksɪs/; Greek: Ζεῦξις)[1] (of Heraclea) was a Greek painter who flourished during the 5th century BCE and became famous for his ability to imitate nature and especially still life with his art.[2]

Zeuxis
Born	fl. 5th century BCE Heraclea Lucania
Cause of death	Death from laughter
Occupation	Painter

Ancient Greek painters
Agatharchus Anaxandra Androcydes Antiphilus Aglaophon Antidotus Antorides Apelles Apollodorus Aregon Aristarete Aristides of Thebes Aristoclides Aristolaos Ariston Aristophon Artemon Athenion of Maroneia Asclepiodorus Cimon of Cleonae Ctesilochus Echion Euphranor Eupompus Galaton Heraclides Melanthius Micon Mnasitheus of Sicyon Nealkes Nicomachus of Thebes Pamphilus Panaenus Parrhasius Pausias Peiraikos Philoxenus of Eretria Polyidus Polygnotus Protogenes Thales Theon of Samos Timanthes Timanthes of Sicyon Timarete Timomachus Zeuxis
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Life and work

Zeuxis was an innovative Greek painter. Although his paintings have not survived, historical records state they were known for their realism, small scale, novel subject matter, and independent format. His technique created volumetric illusion through manipulating light and shadow, a change from the usual method of filling in shapes with flat color. Preferring small scale panels to murals, Zeuxis also introduced genre subjects (such as still life) into painting. He contributed to the composite method of composition, and may have originated an approach to, and thus influenced the concept of the ideal form of the nude, as described by art historian Kenneth Clark. As the story goes, according to Cicero,[3] Zeuxis could not find a woman beautiful enough to pose as Helen of Troy, the most beautiful woman in the world, so he selected the finest features of five different models of the city of Croton to create a composite image of ideal beauty.[4]

Zeuxis was born in Heraclea in 464 BCE, probably Heraclea Lucania, in the present-day region of Basilicata in the southeastern "boot" of Italy.[5] He may have studied with Demophilus of Himera (Sicily), or with Neseus of Thasos (an island in the northern Aegean Sea), and/or with the Greek painter Appollodorus. Records cite his notable works as Helen, Zeus Enthroned and The Infant Hercules Strangling the Serpents. He also painted an assembly of gods, Eros crowned with roses, Alcmene, Menelaus, an athlete, Pan, Marsyas chained, and an old woman. King Archelaus I of Macedon employed Zeuxis to decorate the palace of his new capital Pella with a picture of Pan.[6] Most of his works went to Rome and to Byzantium, but disappeared during the time of Pausanias.

Zeuxis is said to have died laughing at the humorous way he painted the goddess Aphrodite, after the old woman who commissioned it insisted on modeling for the portrait.[7]

Painting contest

According to the Naturalis Historia by Pliny the Elder, Zeuxis and his contemporary Parrhasius (of Ephesus and later Athens) staged a contest to determine the greater artist. When Zeuxis unveiled his painting of grapes, they appeared so real that birds flew down to peck at them. But when Parrhasius, whose painting was concealed behind a curtain, asked Zeuxis to pull aside that curtain, the curtain itself turned out to be a painted illusion. Parrhasius won, and Zeuxis said, "I have deceived the birds, but Parrhasius has deceived Zeuxis." This story was commonly referred to in 18th- and 19th-century art theory to promote spatial illusion in painting. A similar anecdote says that Zeuxis once drew a boy holding grapes, and when birds, once again, tried to peck them, he was extremely displeased, stating that he must have painted the boy with less skill, since the birds would have feared to approach otherwise.

See also

• Ancient Greek art
• Chiaroscuro
• Hierarchy of genres
• Trompe-l'œil

References

External links

• Description of a painting by Zeuxis in "Zeuxis and Antiochus" by Lucian of Samosata (Vol. II) Gutenberg Project
• Reference to the painting technique of Zeuxis by Aristotle from The Poetics Gutenberg Project

На других языках

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[de] Zeuxis von Herakleia

Zeuxis von Herakleia (altgriechisch Ζεῦξις .mw-parser-output .Latn{font-family:"Akzidenz Grotesk","Arial","Avant Garde Gothic","Calibri","Futura","Geneva","Gill Sans","Helvetica","Lucida Grande","Lucida Sans Unicode","Lucida Grande","Stone Sans","Tahoma","Trebuchet","Univers","Verdana"}Zeúxis, verkürzt für Ζεύξιππος Zeúxippos) war nach antikem Zeugnis einer der berühmtesten griechischen Maler; daneben schuf er auch kleine Tonfiguren, figlina opera. Er wirkte etwa im letzten Drittel des 5. und den ersten Jahren des 4. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. Sein Werk ist allein durch literarische Zeugnisse überliefert.

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- [en] Zeuxis (painter)

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[es] Zeuxis

Zeuxis o Zeuxipo fue un pintor griego de la Época Clásica. Estuvo activo aproximadamente entre los años 435 y 390 a. C.[1] Nació en Heraclea, y de las diversas ciudades griegas de este nombre, se supone que le vio nacer la del sur de Italia.

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[fr] Zeuxis (peintre)

Zeuxis (en grec ancien : Zεῦξις / Zeuxis) est un peintre grec d'Héraclée qui vécut de 464 av. J.-C. à 398. Il est le contemporain d'Apollodore, le « peintre des ombres », qui disait de lui, qu'« il gardait pour lui l'art qu'il avait ravi aux autres ». D'après la légende, il serait mort de rire en faisant le portrait d'une vieille dame. Aucune de ses peintures n'a été conservée.

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[it] Zeusi

Zèusi (in greco antico: Ζεῦξις; V secolo a.C. – IV secolo a.C.) è stato un pittore greco antico vissuto nella seconda metà del V secolo a.C.; continuò l'opera di Apollodoro.

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[ru] Зевксис (живописец)

Зе́вксис из Геракле́и (др.-греч. Ζεῦυξις; V век до н. э., Гераклея[d], Базиликата — IV век до н. э., Афины) — древнегреческий живописец, работавший в 420—380 годах до н. э.

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