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The Saint Louis Art Museum (SLAM) is one of the principal U.S. art museums, with paintings, sculptures, cultural objects, and ancient masterpieces from all corners of the world. Its three-story building stands in Forest Park in St. Louis, Missouri, where it is visited by up to a half million people every year. Admission is free through a subsidy from the cultural tax district for St. Louis City and County.[1]

Saint Louis Art Museum
LocationForest Park, St. Louis, Missouri
Coordinates38°38′22″N 90°17′40″W
Built1904
Built for1904 World's Fair
Websitewww.slam.org
St. Louis Landmark
TypeStructure
Reference no.21
Location within Forest Park
Exterior of the museum
Exterior of the museum
Interior of the museum as sketched in 1913 by Marguerite Martyn
Interior of the museum as sketched in 1913 by Marguerite Martyn
Saint Louis Art Museum, 2011
Saint Louis Art Museum, 2011
East Building, the new wing designed by British architect Sir David Chipperfield
East Building, the new wing designed by British architect Sir David Chipperfield

In addition to the featured exhibitions, the museum offers rotating exhibitions and installations. These include the Currents series, which features contemporary artists, as well as regular exhibitions of new media art and works on paper.[2]


History


1879 Peabody and Stearns building (razed 1919)
1879 Peabody and Stearns building (razed 1919)
Main article: St. Louis School of Fine Arts

The museum was founded in 1879[3] as the Saint Louis School and Museum of Fine Arts, an independent entity within Washington University in St. Louis.[4] It was housed in a building commissioned by Wayman Crow as a memorial to his son, Wayman Crow Jr., and designed by Boston architects Peabody and Stearns for 19th and Lucas Place (now Locust Street). The school, led by director Halsey Ives, educated two generations of St. Louis artists and craftspeople, and offered studio and art history classes supported by a museum collection.

After the closing of the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition, the museum and school moved from downtown to one of the few permanent remnants of the fair, the Palace of Fine Arts. The building was designed by Cass Gilbert, who took inspiration from the Baths of Caracalla in Rome, Italy.[5]

Ives introduced a bill into the General Assembly for an art tax to support the maintenance of the museum.[6] The bill was approved by the citizens of Saint Louis by a nearly 4-to-1 margin. However, the city's controller refused to distribute the tax to the museum's board of control, as it was not a municipal entity and so had no right to tax money. The controller's position was upheld in 1908 by the Missouri Supreme Court. This caused the formal separation of the museum from the university in 1909, a split which was the beginning of three civic institutions:

The building at 19th and Lucas Place fell into disrepair, and was eventually demolished in 1919.[12]

During the 1950s, the museum added an extension to include an auditorium for films, concerts and lectures.

In 1971, efforts to secure the museum's financial future led voters in St. Louis City and County to approve the creation of the Metropolitan Zoological Park and Museum District (ZMD). This expanded the tax base for the 1908 tax to include St. Louis County.[13] In 1972, the museum was again renamed, to the Saint Louis Art Museum.[13]

Today, the museum is supported financially by the tax, donations from individuals and public associations, sales in the Museum Shop, and foundation support.[14]


Expansion


The statue Apotheosis of St. Louis by Charles Henry Niehaus, created in 1903
The statue Apotheosis of St. Louis by Charles Henry Niehaus, created in 1903

Plans to expand the museum, which existed in the 1995 Forest Park Master Plan and the museum's 2000 Strategic Plan, began in earnest in 2005, when the museum board selected the British architect Sir David Chipperfield to design the expansion; Michel Desvigne was selected as landscape architect. The St. Louis-based firm, Hellmuth, Obata, and Kassabaum (HOK) was the architect of record to work with the construction team.

On November 5, 2007, museum officials released the design plans to the public and hosted public conversations about those plans. A model of the new building was displayed in the museum's Sculpture Hall throughout the construction project. In 2008, citing the declining state of the economy, the museum announced that it would delay the start of the expansion, whose cost was then estimated at $125 million.[15]

Construction began in 2009; the museum remained open.[16][17] The expansion added more than 224,000 square feet (20,800 m2) of gallery space, including an underground garage, within the lease lines of the property. Money for the project was raised through private gifts to the capital campaign from individuals, foundations and corporations, and from proceeds from the sale of tax-exempt bonds. The fundraising campaigned covered the $130-million cost of construction and a $31.2 million increase to the museum's endowment to support incremental costs of operating the larger facility. The expanded facility opened in the summer of 2013.


Collection


The collection of the Saint Louis Art Museum contains more than 34,000 objects dating from antiquity to the present. The collection is divided into nine areas:

  1. American
  2. Ancient and Egyptian
  3. Africa, Oceania, Americas
  4. Asian
  5. Decorative Arts and Design
  6. European to 1800
  7. Islamic
  8. Modern and Contemporary
  9. Prints, Drawings, and Photographs

The modern art collection includes works by the European masters Matisse, Gauguin, Monet, Picasso, Corrado Giaquinto, Giambattista Pittoni and Van Gogh. The museum's particularly strong collection of 20th-century German paintings includes the world's largest Max Beckmann collection, which includes Christ and the Woman Taken in Adultery.[18] In recent years, the museum has been actively acquiring post-war German art to complement its Beckmanns, such as works by Joseph Beuys, Gerhard Richter, Martin Kippenberger, Sigmar Polke, and Anselm Kiefer.[16] The collection also includes Chuck Close's Keith (1970).[19]

The collections of Oceanic and Mesoamerican works, as well as handwoven Turkish rugs, are among the finest in the world. The museum holds the Egyptian mummy Amen-Nestawy-Nakht, and two mummies on loan from Washington University.[20] Its collection of American artists includes the largest U.S.-museum collection of paintings by George Caleb Bingham.[21]

The collection contains at least six pieces that Nazis confiscated from their own museums as degenerate.[22] These include Max Beckmann’s “Christ and the Woman Taken in Adultery” which came to the museum through a New York art dealer, Curt Valentin, who specialized in Nazi confiscations, and Matisse's “Bathers with a Turtle” which Joseph Pulitzer purchased at the Galerie Fischer auction held in the Grand Hôtel National, Lucerne, Switzerland, June 30, 1939.[22][23][24]

In the context of the museum's 2013 expansion, British artist Andy Goldsworthy created Stone Sea, a site-specific work for a narrow space between the old and new buildings. Twenty-five tightly packed, ten-foot-high arches made of native limestone rise in a sunken courtyard. The artist was inspired by the fact that the sedimentary rock was formed when the region was a shallow sea in Prehistoric times.[16]

In 2021, the museum received a promised gift of 22 paintings and sculptures from the collection of the American curator and philanthropist Emily Rauh Pulitzer, the widow of the media heir Joseph Pulitzer Jr. The donation includes works by 17 European and American artists, including Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, Constantin Brâncuși, Joan Miró, Philip Guston, Ellsworth Kelly and others.[25]


Exhibitions



2020



2019



2018



2017



2016



2015



2014



2013



2012



2011



2010



Services



References


  1. Saint Louis Art Museum Visitor Guide (2007)
  2. Saint Louis Art Museum Web Site
  3. "MUSEUM FOUNDATION". St Louis Art Museum. Retrieved November 15, 2018.
  4. Saint Louis Art Museum Handbook of the Collection (2004), p. 8
  5. Saint Louis Art Museum, An Architectural History (1987), p. 8
  6. Stevens, Walter B. Page 30
  7. Saint Louis Art Museum Page 9-10
  8. Saint Louis Art Museum Handbook of the Collection (2004), p. 10
  9. "About the collection | Kemper Art Museum". kemperartmuseum.wustl.edu. Retrieved 2015-12-11.
  10. "St. Louis School of Fine Arts". St. Louis Globe Democraft. 20 September 1909. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  11. "Edmund H. Wuerpel Dies in East at 91". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. 25 February 1958. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  12. St. Louis Public Library. "The St. Louis School and Museum of Fine Arts – Wellspring of St. Louis Arts". St. Louis Public Library. Retrieved September 30, 2016.
  13. Saint Louis Art Museum, An Architectural History, (1987), Page 26
  14. Saint Louis Art Museum Handbook of the Collection (2004), pp. 4–16
  15. David Itzkoff (November 6, 2008), In Tough Times, St. Louis Museum Delays Expansion New York Times.
  16. Javier Pes (June 20, 2013), A ‘quiet and reserved’ new wing for Saint Louis Art Museum Archived 2013-06-30 at the Wayback Machine The Art Newspaper.
  17. "Saint Louis Art Museum: Expansion". Slam.org. Retrieved 2012-10-14.
  18. "Press release: New book will examine Saint Louis Art Museum's collection of paintings by Max Beckmann".
  19. Saint Louis Art Museum, Handbook of the Collection (2004), p. 299
  20. Washington University in St. Louis, Student Life, 2006
  21. Smith, Roberta (2015-06-18). "Review: George Caleb Bingham's Serene Images of Rivers and Frontier Life, at the Met". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-05-26.
  22. Hunn, David. "How a French masterpiece stolen by Nazis came to St. Louis" St. Louis Post-Dispatch, February 22, 2014
  23. Stein, Laurie."The History and Reception of Matisse's Bathers with Turtle in Germany, 1908-1939" St. Louis: The Saint Louis Art Museum, 1998
  24. "Saint Louis Art Museum: Collections". Archived from the original on 2016-09-14.
  25. Gabriella Angeleti (October 18, 2021), Saint Louis Art Museum receives 22 major works from American philanthropist The Art Newspaper.
  26. Torno, Jean Paul. "'The Weight of Things'". St. Louis Post Dispatch. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  27. RUSSELL, STEFENE (15 November 2013). "First Stop: "Currents 107: Renata Stih & Frieder Schnock"". St. Louis Magazine. Retrieved 15 November 2013.
  28. "Saint Louis Art Museum curator revisits Monet's 'Water Lilies'". St. Louis Post Dispatch. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
  29. "Artful Happenings". The Healthy Planet.
  30. Willis, Holly (11 February 2011). "Martha Colburn: Triumph of the Wild". KCET. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
  31. "Saint Louis Art Museum Presents Fiery Pool: The Maya and the Mythic Sea". Art Fix Daily. Retrieved 6 January 2011.
  32. MOYNIHAN, MIRIAM. "Saint Louis Art Museum shows series of Kentridge prints". St. Louis Dispatch. Retrieved 25 Feb 2011.
  33. "Media Series by William Kentridge at St. Louis Museum". Art Daily.
  34. "Portrait of Depression-Era America". Saint Louis Art Museum.
  35. Wilson, Calvin. "Artist Bill Viola explores life, death in video installation". St. Louis Today. Retrieved 25 June 2010.
  36. Fisher, David. "Currents 104: Bruce Yonemoto". Highsnobiety. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
  37. Baran, Jessica. "Featured Review: Lee Friedlander". Riverfront Times.
  38. "Marc Swanson". Saatchi Gallery.
  39. "Richardson Library Books & Periodicals". Slrlc.org. Retrieved 2012-10-14.[permanent dead link]

More information




Wikimedia Commons has media related to Saint Louis Art Museum.

На других языках

[de] Saint Louis Art Museum

Das Saint Louis Art Museum (SLAM) ist ein 1879 gegründetes Kunstmuseum in St. Louis, Missouri. Im Jahr 2013 wurde ein neuer Flügel eröffnet, der von David Chipperfield geplant wurde.[1]
- [en] Saint Louis Art Museum

[es] Museo de Arte de San Luis

El Museo de Arte de San Luis (en inglés, Saint Louis Art Museum) está considerado como uno de los principales museos de arte de los Estados Unidos y recibe visitas de hasta medio millón de personas al año. La entrada es gratuita.[1]

[ru] Сент-Луисский художественный музей

Сент-Луисский художественный музей (англ. Saint Louis Art Museum, сокр. SLAM) — крупнейший музей Сент-Луиса, штат Миссури. Ежегодно его посещают до полумиллиона человек.


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