art.wikisort.org - Artist

John Henry Twachtman (August 4, 1853 – August 8, 1902) was an American painter best known for his impressionist landscapes, though his painting style varied widely through his career. Art historians consider Twachtman's style of American Impressionism to be among the more personal and experimental of his generation. He was a member of "The Ten," a loosely-allied group of American artists dissatisfied with professional art organizations, who banded together in 1898 to exhibit their works as a stylistically unified group.

John Henry Twachtman
Twachtman, c. 1900. Photo by Gertrude Käsebier
Born	(1853-08-04)August 4, 1853 Cincinnati, Ohio, US
Died	August 8, 1902(1902-08-08) (aged 49) Gloucester, Massachusetts, US
Education	Frank Duveneck, Royal Academy, Munich, Académie Julian, Paris
Known for	Impressionism, Landscape art

Studies

Twachtman was born in Cincinnati, Ohio and received his first art training there, including studying under Frank Duveneck. Like some white artists of means and European heritage of the era, Twachtman then proceeded to Europe to further his education. He enrolled in the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich in 1875 and visited Venice with Duveneck and William Merritt Chase in 1878. His landscapes from this time exhibit the loosely brushed, shadowy technique taught at Munich. Twachtman also learned etching, and sometimes carried etching plates with him that he could use to spontaneously record a scene.

After a brief return to America, Twachtman studied from 1883 to 1885 at the Académie Julian in Paris, and his paintings dramatically shifted towards a soft, gray and green tonalist style. During this time he painted what some art historians consider to be his greatest masterpieces, including Arques-la-Bataille, in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, and Springtime, in the collection of the Cincinnati Art Museum.

Maturity

In 1886 he returned to America. In 1890, he bought a farm in Greenwich. He often painted and exhibited with fellow artist Julian Alden Weir, and spent considerable time at the art colony in Cos Cob. His presence was vital to the colony:

"Twachtman's temperament--by turns gregarious and introspective, restless and serene--was a major factor in preventing the Cos Cob art colony from becoming a backwater of nostalgic complacency. Ironically, his lack of commercial success contributed to his artistic independence, freeing him from the temptation of producing salable pictures according to a proven formula. His art, conversation, and teaching fueled the creative fires of his friends and students in Cos Cob." [1]

In addition to his oil paintings, Twachtman produced drawings in pastel. He taught painting at the Art Students League from 1889 until his death in 1902. Twachtman was close friends with Julian Alden Weir and the two often painted together.

In Connecticut his painting style shifted again, this time to a highly personal impressionist technique. Twachtman painted many landscapes of his farm and garden in Greenwich, often depicting the snow-covered landscape. He executed dozens of paintings of a small waterfall on his property, capturing the scene in different seasons and times of day. In the summers of 1900–1902, Twachtman visited Gloucester, Massachusetts, another center of artistic activity in the era, and produced a series of vibrant scenes that anticipated a more modernist style yet to gain prominence in American art.

Twachtman died suddenly in Gloucester of a brain aneurysm, aged 49.[2] Today, his works are in many museum collections including the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.; and the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.

See also

• Art Students League
• Ten American Painters
• Society of American Artists

References

Further reading

• Peters, Lisa N. (1999). John Henry Twachtman : An American Impressionist. Atlanta, Georgia: Hudson Hills Press. ISBN 1-55595-178-3.
• Larkin, Susan G. (2001). The Cos Cob Art Colony. New York: the National Academy of Design. ISBN 0-300-08852-3.
  • Gerdts, William H. (2001). American Impressionism (Second ed.). New York: Abbeville Press Publishers. ISBN 0-7892-0737-0.

External links

• https://www.jhtwachtman.org/ *Peters, Lisa N. (2021). John Henry Twachtman Catalogue Raisonné. Greenwich Historical Society.

На других языках

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[de] John Henry Twachtman

John Henry Twachtman (* 4. August 1853 in Cincinnati; † 8. August 1902 in Gloucester, Massachusetts) war ein amerikanischer Maler und Radierer des Impressionismus, besonders Landschaftsbilder.

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- [en] John Henry Twachtman

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[es] John Henry Twachtman

John Henry Twachtman (4 de agosto de 1853 – 8 de agosto de 1902) fue un pintor estadounidense, célebre por sus paisajes impresionistas, aunque su estilo fue variando a lo largo de su carrera. Los historiadores de arte consideran que el estilo de Twachtman es uno de los más personales y experimentales de su generación. Fue miembro de "Los Diez", un grupo de diez pintores estadounidenses formado en 1898 que estaba en contra de las organizaciones artísticas profesionales y que se conformó para exhibir sus obras como un grupo homogéneo en cuanto al estilo.

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[fr] John Henry Twachtman

John Henry Twachtman né le 4 août 1853 à Cincinnati (Ohio) et mort le 8 août 1902 à Gloucester (Massachusetts), est un peintre impressionniste américain. Il était membre des Ten American Painters.

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[it] John Henry Twachtman

John Henry Twachtman (Cincinnati, 4 agosto 1853 – Gloucester, 8 agosto 1902) è stato un pittore e docente statunitense, impressionista.

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[ru] Твахтман, Джон Генри

Джон Генри Твахтман (Туоктмен, Туа́ктман[6], (англ. John Henry Twachtman; 4 августа 1853, Цинциннати — 8 августа 1902 Глостер, Массачусетс) — американский художник, работавший в жанрах тонализма и импрессионизма.

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