art.wikisort.org - Artist

Valentin de Boulogne (before 3 January 1591 – 19 August 1632), sometimes referred to as Le Valentin, was a French painter in the tenebrist style.[1][2]

Valentin de Boulogne
Born	(1591-01-03)3 January 1591 Coulommiers, France
Died	19 August 1632(1632-08-19) (aged 41) Rome, Italy
Nationality	French
Known for	Painting
Notable work	List of paintings by Valentin de Boulogne
Movement	Tenebrism

Origins

Valentin was born in Coulommiers, France, where he was baptised in the parish of Saint-Denys on 3 January 1591, making 1590 his likely year of birth. The family name, also spelled Boullogne and Boulongne, appears to originate from Boulogne-sur-Mer, a city in northern France in the colony of Pas-de-Calais, though the family had dwelt at Coulommiers since at least 1489. His father, also named Valentin, and his uncle Jean were both painters.

In Italy

It can be presumed that Valentin would have first started painting in his father's studio prior to moving to Paris or Fontainebleau, and before leaving for Italy. Valentin is recorded in Italy in the stati d'anime for 1620, when he was living in the parish of Santa Maria del Popolo.

While studying in Italy under Simon Vouet, Valentin came under the influence of Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio and Bartolomeo Manfredi. He also joined the Bentvueghels, a riotous unofficial group of expatriate, mostly Flemish, artists and was given the group nickname of "innamorato" no doubt in reference to his own name.[3]

Caravaggio used a bold, naturalistic style, which emphasized the common humanity of the apostles and martyrs, flattered the aspirations of the Counter-Reformation Church, while his vivid chiaroscuro enhanced both three-dimensionality and drama, as well as evoking the mystery of the faith." Caravaggio "followed a militantly realist agenda, rejecting both Mannerism and the classicizing naturalism" and "in the first 30 years of the 17th century his naturalistic ambitions and revolutionary artistic procedures attracted a large following from all over Europe.[4]

Manfredi, also an Italian painter, was known throughout Italy and beyond as Caravaggio's closest follower. In the dramatically lit canvases of his later period Manfredi adopted a common theme from Caravaggio—the tavern scene featuring ordinary people, even religious subjects, whose figures are depicted close to the surface of the picture to involve the viewer in the action.

While Caravaggio and Manfredi may have influenced the style and themes that became common in Valentin's work, Valentin studied as well under Simon Vouet, considered a leading French painter by contemporaries. Vouet's earliest works exhibit the influence of Caravaggio and deploy dramatic contrasts of light with a restricted palette of blacks, browns and whites.

Valentin had success with a type of composition invented by Caravaggio in which fortune tellers, drinkers, or gamblers are grouped around a table. Valentin himself was fond of carousing and fine wine. Approximately 75 of his works survive. Valentin's genius shows in the subtleness of psychological expression and interplay among his characters, as well as in the refinement and finesse of his painting technique.

Valentin's painting Fortune Teller with Soldiers depicts a group of young soldiers, one of whom is mesmerized by the fortune teller reading his palm. Behind the gypsy a shadowy figure looks at the viewer with his finger to his lips in a conspiratorial gesture as he steals the fortune teller's purse from her pocket. At the same time the thief is pickpocketed in turn by a small child. While one person's fortune is told, another's is being stolen; and one thief falls victim to another.

Valentin's pupils included Pierre de Francqueville and Nicolas Tournier.[5]

Death

Valentin de Boulogne is said to have died after bathing in the freezing cold waters of the Fontana del Tritone on Piazza Barberini, after having drunk too much.[6][2]

Gallery

• Selection of Valentin de Boulogne's works
• 
  St John the Baptist in the Desert
• 
  Rafaello Menicucci
• 
  Denial of Saint Peter
• 
  Christ and the Adulteress
• 
  Last Supper
• 
  Musicians and Soldiers
• 
  The Martyrdom of Martinian and Processus (1629)
• 
  St John the Baptist

References

• Jacques Thuillier, Un peintre passionné, L'Oeil, November 1958

External links

• Media related to Valentin de Boulogne (category) at Wikimedia Commons

На других языках

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[de] Valentin de Boulogne

Valentin de Boulogne (* 3. Januar 1591 in Coulommiers, heute im Département Seine-et-Marne; † 19. August 1632 in Rom; auch Jean de Boullongne oder Moise Valentin) war ein französischer Maler.

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- [en] Valentin de Boulogne

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[es] Valentin de Boulogne

Valentin de Boulogne, cuyo verdadero nombre era Jean Valentin, (Coulommiers, 1591 - Roma, 1632), fue un pintor francés de la época barroca, seguidor del caravaggismo.

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[fr] Valentin de Boulogne

Valentin de Boulogne, dit le Valentin, de son vrai nom Jean Valentin, né le 3 janvier 1591 à Coulommiers et mort le 19 août 1632 à Rome, est un peintre français, représentant du caravagisme.

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[it] Valentin de Boulogne

Valentin de Boulogne, noto anche con la grafia de Boullogne o come Le Valentin (Coulommiers, 3 gennaio 1591 – Roma, 19 agosto 1632), è stato un pittore francese, interprete del tenebrismo e considerato il più grande dei Caravaggeschi, secondo lo storico dell'arte Federico Zeri[1].

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[ru] Валантен де Булонь

Валанте́н де Було́нь (фр. Valentin de Boulogne [Валантэн], 3 января 1591 (1591-01-03), Куломмье, Coulommiers — 19 августа 1632, Рим, прозванный Лё Валантэн (Ле-Валантэн, Ле-Валантен), имя от рождения Жан Валантэн или Валантен (Jean Valentin)) — французский художник эпохи барокко, представитель караваджизма.

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