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Chalk Cliffs on Rügen (German: Kreidefelsen auf Rügen) is an oil painting of circa 1818 by German Romantic artist Caspar David Friedrich.

Chalk Cliffs on Rügen
German: Kreidefelsen auf Rügen
ArtistCaspar David Friedrich
Year1818
MediumOil on canvas
Dimensions90.5 cm × 71 cm (35.6 in × 27.9 in)
LocationKunst Museum Winterthur – Reinhart am Stadtgarten, Winterthur

Development


In January 1818, Caspar David Friedrich married Christiane Caroline Bommer, who was about 20 years his junior. On their honeymoon in July and August 1818, they visited relatives in Neubrandenburg and Greifswald. From there, the couple undertook an excursion to the island of Rügen with Friedrich's brother Christian. The painting appears as a celebration of the couple's union.


Description


The painting depicts the view from the chalk cliffs of the Stubbenkammer, at that time one of the most famous lookout points on the island. It is frequently but incorrectly believed that the Wissower Klinken outcrops in particular were a model for the painting; however, these did not exist at the time of the painting's creation, but appeared later because of erosion. Friedrich often composed his landscapes from carefully chosen elements of different sketches, so that a specific location is not necessarily discernible.[1]

A later variation on the theme; watercolor, 1824, 25 × 32 cm
A later variation on the theme; watercolor, 1824, 25 × 32 cm

Two trees, whose leaves cover the upper third of the painting, frame the scenery. Two men and a woman in town clothes gaze in wonder at the view. The thin figure in the middle is usually interpreted as Caspar David Friedrich himself.[2] His hat lies beside him as a sign of humility. He seeks for a foothold in the grass as a symbol of the transience of life and looks into the abyss opening before him—the abyss of death. On the right, the man with crossed arms leans against the trunk of a dying tree and looks far out to the sea. The two tiny sailboats stand as symbols for the soul which opens to eternal life and correspond to the figures of the two men.[2] On the left, the woman in a red dress (who is usually identified as Friedrich's wife Caroline)[2] sits beside an almost dried-up shrub: only the twigs around her face are leafing out. With her right hand she points either at the abyss or at the flowers bordering it. In contrast to the men, who gaze either at the abyss or into the distance, she communicates with the other figures—whether she feels threatened by the abyss or compelled by the natural beauty is unclear.

The colors of the figure's clothes are also symbolic. The middle figure is blue, the color of faith; the left figure is red, that of love; and the right figure is green, that of hope. Thus they can be interpreted as embodiments of the three Christian theological virtues: faith, hope and love.[2] The art historian Helmut Börsch-Supan sees in the picture a representation of Friedrich's relation to death, and the threat to life by death: "clear [...] as almost never before, but at the same time also in an unusually serene mood".[2][3]


See also



Notes


  1. Uta Baier: Am Ende bleibt nur die Kunst - Die Wissower Klinken und Caspar David Friedrich, article in Die Welt of 26 February 2005
  2. Helmut Börsch-Supan: Caspar David Friedrich. 4. erweiterte und überarbeitete Auflage, Prestel, Munich 1987, ISBN 3-7913-0835-1, p 118
  3. "deutlich [...] wie kaum zuvor, zugleich aber auch in einer selten heiteren Stimmung"

References





На других языках

[de] Kreidefelsen auf Rügen

Kreidefelsen auf Rügen ist ein 1818 entstandenes Gemälde von Caspar David Friedrich. Das Bild in Öl auf Leinwand im Format 90,5 × 71 cm ist ein Hauptwerk der deutschen Romantik; es befindet sich im Kunst Museum Winterthur – Reinhart am Stadtgarten in Winterthur.
- [en] Chalk Cliffs on Rügen

[es] Acantilados blancos en Rügen

Acantilados blancos en Rügen (en alemán, Kreidefelsen auf Rügen) es un conocido cuadro del pintor romántico alemán Caspar David Friedrich. Data del año 1818. Se trata de un óleo sobre tela que mide 90,5 centímetros de alto por 71 centímetros de ancho. Se conserva en la Fundación Oskar Reinhart de Winterthur (Suiza). Es una de las obras más importantes del romanticismo pictórico y que lo personifica de manera duradera.

[fr] Falaises de craie sur l'île de Rügen

Falaises de craie sur l'île de Rügen (connu aussi sous le nom Falaises de craie à Rügen, en allemand Kreidefelsen auf Rügen) est un tableau du peintre romantique allemand Caspar David Friedrich. C’est une huile sur toile d'une dimension de 90,5 × 71 cm, qui appartient au musée Museum Oskar Reinhart am Stadtgarten à Winterthour. Le tableau a été composé vers 1818.

[it] Le bianche scogliere di Rügen

Le bianche scogliere di Rügen (Kreidefelsen auf Rügen) è un dipinto a olio su tela del pittore romantico tedesco Caspar David Friedrich, realizzato nel 1818 e conservato presso la Collezione Oskar Reinhart Am Römerholz, a Winterthur.

[ru] Меловые скалы на острове Рюген

«Меловые скалы на острове Рюген» (нем. Kreidefelsen auf Rügen) — картина, написанная немецким художником Каспаром Давидом Фридрихом в 1818 году.


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