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The Disputation of the Sacrament (Italian: La disputa del sacramento), or Disputa, is a painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael. It was painted between 1509 and 1510[1] as the first part of Raphael's commission to decorate with frescoes the rooms that are now known as the Stanze di Raffaello, in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican. At the time, this room was known as the Stanza della Segnatura, and was the private papal library where the supreme papal tribunal met.[2]
| Disputation of the Sacrament | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Artist | Raphael |
| Year | 1509–1510 |
| Type | Fresco |
| Dimensions | 500 cm × 770 cm (200 in × 300 in) |
| Location | Apostolic Palace, Vatican City[citation needed] |
Description
In the painting, Raphael has created a scene spanning both heaven and earth. Above, Christ is surrounded by an aureole, flanked by the Blessed Virgin Mary and John the Baptist to his right and left (an arrangement known as the Deësis). Other various biblical figures such as Peter (far left, holding keys), Adam (far left, bared chest), John the Evangelist (left, writing), King David (left, holding lyre), Saint Lawrence (left, wearing purple), Judas Maccabeus (right, wearing gold armor), Stephen (right, wearing green), Moses (right, with horns of light and holding the Ten Commandments), James the Elder (right, wearing white), Abraham (right, holding knife), and Paul (far right, holding book and sword) are to the sides. God the Father sits above them all in the golden light of heaven and adored by angels, blessing with his right hand and holding the Earth in his left. Below Christ's feet is the Holy Spirit in the typical form of a dove, to whose sides are books of the four Gospels held open by putti.[3]
Below, on an altar sits the monstrance. The fringe of the altar reads, "Julius II Pont. Max." The altar is flanked by historical theologians debating Transubstantiation (Christ's presence in the Eucharist).[4] Among them are the original four Doctors of the Church (identified by their names inscribed into their halos), with Pope Gregory I and Jerome seated to the left of the altar and Augustine and Ambrose to the right, along with Pope Julius II, Pope Sixtus IV, Savonarola and Dante Alighieri. Pope Sixtus IV is the gold-dressed pope in the bottom of the painting. Directly behind Sixtus is Dante, wearing red and sporting a laurel wreath (symbolizing his greatness as a poet).[5] Fifth from right, stands St. Thomas Aquinas. The bald figure reading a book in the left hand corner is Raphael's mentor and Renaissance architect Bramante, and the bearded figure on the right side wearing orange and blue robes is Aristotle.[6] The monk on the far left is Fra Angelico.[3] In the background on the left, a church is being constructed, representative of the Catholic Church.[7]
See also
References
- Raphael, Phaidon Publishers, 1948, p. 24.
- Adams, Italian Renaissance Art, p. 344
- "Disputation over the Most Holy Sacrament". Musei Vaticani. Archived from the original on 4 July 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
- Adams, Italian Renaissance Art, p. 345
- Adams, Italian Renaissance Art, p. 346
- Holgate, John Douglas, "Codes and Messages in Raphael's 'School of Athens.'" 2016. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/306398440_Codes_and_Messages_in_Raphael's_'School_of_Athens'
- Massi, Ercole G. (1885). Compendious Description of the Galleries of Paintings in the Papal Palace of the Vatican. Rome. pp. 67–69.
Sources
- Schneider Adams, Laurie (2001). Italian Renaissance Art. Boulder: Westview Press. pp. 344–346.
External links
Media related to Raphael's Disputation of the Holy Sacrament at Wikimedia Commons- The Vatican: Spirit and Art of Christian Rome, a book from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on this work
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На других языках
[de] Disputa del Sacramento
Disputa del Sacramento („Disput über das Sakrament“) ist der hergebrachte Titel eines der berühmtesten Gemälde von Raffael. Das großflächige Wandfresko in der Stanza della Segnatura, heute innerhalb der Vatikanischen Museen, entstand 1509/10 und ist Teil eines alle vier Wände und die Decke des Raums einbeziehenden christlich-humanistischen Bildprogramms. In diesem vertritt es die Theologie als divinarum rerum cognitio („Kenntnis der göttlichen Dinge“).[1]- [en] Disputation of the Holy Sacrament
[es] La disputa del Sacramento
La disputa del Sacramento es una pintura del artista Rafael Sanzio (1483-1520). Fue pintada en 1509, siendo el primero de los frescos con los que decoró las habitaciones que hoy en día son conocidas como las estancias de Rafael, ubicadas en el Palacio Apostólico de la Ciudad del Vaticano y que forman parte de los Museos Vaticanos. La Sala de Firmas (Stanza della Segnatura) fue la primera en ser decorada, y La disputa del Sacramento la primera pintura en ser finalizada.[it] Disputa del Sacramento
La Disputa del Sacramento è un affresco (770x500 cm circa) di Raffaello Sanzio, databile al 1509 e situato nella Stanza della Segnatura, una delle quattro Stanze Vaticane.[ru] Диспута
Диспутá (итал. La disputa del sacramento — Спор о святом таинстве) — фреска работы Рафаэля Санти, созданная в 1509—1510 годах. Первая из фресок, выполненных художником для апартаментов папского дворца в Ватикане, впоследствии названных Станцами Рафаэля. Фреска «Диспута» занимает целую стену напротив композиции «Афинская школа» в Станце делла Сеньятура (итал. Stanza della Segnatura). Этому помещению придавалось особое значение, именно его папа пожелал видеть готовым в первую очередь. О том же говорит величественная программа росписей.Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.
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