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The Martyrdom of the Ten Thousand is an oil painting by Albrecht Dürer, dating to 1508 and now at the Kunsthistorisches Museum of Vienna, Austria. It is signed on a cartouche which hangs from the artist's self-portrait in the center, saying Iste faciebat Ano Domini 1508 Albertus Dürer Aleman.

Martyrdom of the Ten Thousand
Artist	Albrecht Dürer
Year	1508
Type	Oil on panel transferred to canvas
Dimensions	99 cm × 87 cm (39 in × 34 in)
Location	Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

History

The painting was commissioned by Frederick III, Elector of Saxony for the All Saints' Church, Wittenberg.[1] Frederick had been Dürer's patron since 1496. He himself chose the subject, as his collection of relics included some of the Ten thousand martyrs.

Dürer had used the same subject for a woodcut of some ten years before, but in the new work he eliminated some macabre details such as the torture of the bishop Acacius, having his eyes stripped through a drill. This scene was replaced by a crucifixion on the right and by the presence of the bishop in chains behind it.

The work was repeatedly mentioned in the correspondence between the artist and Jakob Heller of Frankfurt. Dürer received 280 florins for it.

Description

The painting illustrates the legendary martyrdom of ten thousand Christian soldiers perpetrated on Mount Ararat by the King of Persia, Shapur I, by the order of the Roman emperor Hadrian or Antoninus Pius, or, according to other sources, Diocletian.

Dürer painted numerous different martyrdom scenes within a forest with clearings and cliffs. In the foreground are crucifixions, decapitations, crushing with a hammer. The Persian King is portrayed as an Ottoman sultan, riding a horse on the right. The executioners also wear gaudy Ottoman dress. In the background are prisoners walking through to a cliff from where they are thrown down against rocks and thorny bushes, as well as scenes of fighting, stoning and hitting with huge clubs.

At the center of the crowded scene, dressed in black, are two characters who walk placidly, apparently unaware of the horrors around them: one is Dürer's self-portrait (holding his signature), the other his friend and humanist Conrad Celtes, who had died a few months before the execution of the painting.[1]

References

Sources

• Costantino Porcu, ed. (2004). Dürer. Milan: Rizzoli.

External links

• Page at the museum's website (in German)

На других языках

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[de] Marter der zehntausend Christen

Die Marter der zehntausend Christen ist ein Gemälde des Malers Albrecht Dürer (1471–1528). Es entstand im Auftrag des sächsischen Kurfürsten, Friedrich III. (1463–1525) und ist signiert, wie datiert (1508). Aufgrund des schlechten Erhaltungszustandes wurde es im 19. Jahrhundert in einem aufwändigem Verfahren von dem ursprünglichen Holzträger auf Leinwand übertragen. Heute befindet sich das Gemälde einschließlich einer historischen Kopie von Johann Christian Ruprecht (1653) im Kunsthistorischen Museum in Wien.[1]

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- [en] Martyrdom of the Ten Thousand

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[es] El martirio de los diez mil cristianos

El martirio de los diez mil cristianos, conocido en alemán como Marter der zehntausend Christen, es un cuadro del pintor alemán Alberto Durero (Albrecht Dürer). Fue realizado en 1508, repitiendo con variantes una xilografía del propio Durero de 1496. Es una pintura al óleo sobre lienzo, que mide 99 cm de alto y 87 cm de ancho. Se conserva en el Museo de Historia del Arte de Viena, Austria.

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[fr] Martyre des dix mille chrétiens

Le Martyre des dix mille chrétiens est un tableau d'huile sur bois d'Albrecht Dürer réalisé en 1508 et exposé aujourd'hui au Musée d'Histoire de l'art de Vienne en Autriche. Il s'agit d'une peinture religieuse de style renaissance nordique.

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[it] Martirio dei Diecimila

Il Martirio dei Diecimila è un dipinto a olio su tavola trasferita su tela (99x87 cm) di Albrecht Dürer, firmato e datato 1508, e conservato nel Kunsthistorisches Museum a Vienna. L'opera è firmata su un cartellino appeso a un bastone che tiene l'autoritratto dell'artista al centro: "Iste fatiebat Ano Domini 1508 Albertus Dürer Aleman".

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[ru] Мученичество десяти тысяч христиан

«Мученичество десяти тысяч христиан» (нем. Marter der zehntausend Christen) — картина немецкого живописца Альбрехта Дюрера (1471-1528). Создана в 1508 году. Хранится в Музее истории искусств, Вена (инвент. номер GG 835).

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