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Atropos, or The Fates (Spanish: Átropos or Las Parcas) is one of the 14 Black Paintings painted by Francisco de Goya between 1819–1823. Goya, then 75 and in mental and physical despair, created the series directly onto the interior walls of the house known as the Quinta del Sordo ("House of the Deaf Man"), purchased in 1819.

Atropos / The Fates
Spanish: Átropos / Las Parcas
Artist	Francisco Goya
Year	1819–1823
Medium	Oil mural transferred to canvas
Dimensions	123 cm × 266 cm (48 in × 105 in)
Location	Museo del Prado, Madrid

It probably occupied a position on the second floor of the house beside the Fight with Cudgels and across from the Fantastic Vision.[1] Like the rest of the black paintings, it was transferred to canvas in 1873–74 under the supervision of Salvador Martínez Cubells, a curator at the Museo del Prado. The owner, Baron Emile d'Erlanger, donated the canvases to the Spanish state in 1881,[2][3] and they are now on display at the Prado.

The painting is a reinterpretation of the mythological subject of the goddesses of destiny—the Moirai or fates as recounted in Homer, Hesiod, Virgil and other classical writers. These "Daughters of Night"[4] were headed by Atropos, the inexorable goddess of death, who carries a few scissors to cut the thread of life; Clotho, with her distaff (which Goya replaces with a doll or newborn child, possibly an allegory of life), and Lachesis, the spinning one, which in this representation looks across a lens or in a mirror and symbolizes time, since she was the one who measured the length of the fiber. To the three female figures suspended in the air a fourth figure is added in the foreground. Possibly male, this figure's hands are bound behind him as if he is captive. If this interpretation is true, the fates would be deciding the destiny of the man whose bound hands cannot be opposed to his fate. It has been speculated that he may represent Prometheus, who was bound on a mountain and left to be savaged by an eagle as punishment for stealing fire from Mount Olympus.[5]

The painting's range of color is diminished, as much or even more so than the other black paintings, to ochres and blacks. This reinforces a nocturnal and unreal atmosphere, appropriate to the mythical subject of this work. The arbitrary, irrational aspects of Goya's Black Paintings have given them a place as precursors to modern art.

See also

• List of works by Francisco Goya

References

Bibliography

• Benito Oterino, Agustín, La luz en la quinta del sordo: estudio de las formas y cotidianidad, Madrid, Universidad Complutense, 2002, p. 33. Edición digital ISBN 84-669-1890-6.
• Bozal, Valeriano, Francisco Goya, vida y obra, (2 vols.) Madrid, Tf. Editores, 2005. ISBN 84-96209-39-3.
• Bozal, Valeriano, Pinturas Negras de Goya, Tf. Editores, Madrid, 1997.
• Glendinning, Nigel, Francisco de Goya, Madrid, Cuadernos de Historia 16 (col. «El arte y sus creadores», nº 30), 1993.
• Junquera, Juan José. The Black Paintings of Goya. London: Scala Publishers, 2008. ISBN 1-85759-273-5
• Hagen, Rose-Marie and Hagen, Rainer, Francisco de Goya, Cologne, Taschen, 2003. ISBN 3-8228-2296-5.
• Hughes, Robert. Goya. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2004. ISBN 0-394-58028-1

External links

• Media related to Atropos (Goya) at Wikimedia Commons

На других языках

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- [en] Atropos (Goya)

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[es] Átropos o Las Parcas

Átropos, Las Parcas o El Destino es una de las Pinturas negras que formaron parte de la decoración de los muros de la casa —llamada la Quinta del Sordo— que Francisco de Goya adquirió en 1819. Esta obra ocupaba probablemente la pared izquierda de la planta alta según se accedía a dicha planta, junto con Duelo a garrotazos.[1]

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[fr] Les Moires

Les Moires (en espagnol : Átropos — « Moires » — ou Las Parcas — « Les Parques ») est une huile réalisée par Francisco de Goya entre 1819 et 1823. C'est l'une des Peintures noires, des œuvres peintes à même les murs de la maison, appelée Quinta del Sordo, que Goya acquit en 1819.

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[it] Atropo (Goya)

Atropo o Le Parche (in spagnolo Átropos o Las Parcas) è un dipinto a olio su intonaco trasportato su tela del pittore spagnolo Francisco Goya e conservato al museo del Prado di Madrid facente parte delle quattordici pitture nere dipinte tra il 1819 e il 1823. Goya in preda alla disperazione mentale e fisica creò la serie direttamente sulle pareti interne della casa conosciuta come la Quinta del Sordo, acquistata nel 1819.

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[ru] Атропа (картина Гойи)

«Атропа», или «Мойры» (исп. Atropos o Las Parcas), — роспись испанского художника Франсиско Гойи, написанная между 1819 и 1823 годами на стене его «Дома Глухого». Одно из 14 подобных изображений, которое позднее было переведено на холст и ныне хранится в музее Прадо.

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