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Witches' Flight (Spanish: Vuelo de Brujas, also known as Witches in Flight or Witches in the Air) is an oil on canvas painting completed in 1798 by the Spanish painter Francisco Goya. It was part of a series of six paintings related to witchcraft acquired by the Duke and Duchess of Osuna in 1798.[1] It has been described as "the most beautiful and powerful of Goya's Osuna witch paintings."[2]

Witches' Flight
Spanish: Vuelo de Brujas
ArtistFrancisco Goya
Year1797-8
MediumOil on canvas
Dimensions43.5 cm × 30.5 cm (17⅛ in × 12 in)
LocationMuseo del Prado, Madrid

The painting was sold to the Duke and Duchess of Osuna on 27 June 1798, to decorate their villa La Alameda, on the outskirts of Madrid. It was then sold in 1896 at the public auction of the Osuna estate to Ramón Ibarra, and again in 1985 to Jaime Ortiz Patiño. Finally, it was acquired by the Prado in 1999, where it remains to this day.[3]

At center point are three semi-nude witches wearing penitential coroza[4] bearing aloft a writhing nude figure, their mouths close to their victim, as if to devour him or suck his blood.[5] Below, two figures in peasants' garb recoil from the spectacle: one has thrown himself to the ground covering his ears, the other attempts to escape by covering himself with a blanket, making the fig hand gesture to ward off the evil eye. Finally, a donkey emerges on the right, seemingly oblivious to the rest of the scene.

The general scholarly consensus is that the painting represents a rationalist critique of superstition and ignorance, particularly in religious matters: the witches' corozas are not only emblematic of the violence of the Spanish Inquisition (the upward flames indicate that they have been condemned as unrepentant heretics and will be burned at the stake),[6][7] but are also reminiscent of episcopal mitres, bearing the characteristic double points. The accusations of religious tribunals are thus reflected back on themselves, whose actions are implicitly equated with superstition and ritualized sacrifice.[8] The bystanders can then be understood either as appalled but unable to do anything or willfully ignorant and unwilling to intervene.[8][6][2]

The donkey, finally, is the traditional symbol of ignorance.[9]


See also



Notes


  1. The six paintings were Witches' Flight, The Spell, Witches' Sabbath, The Witches' Kitchen, The Devil's Lamp, and The Stone Guest. ("Sotheby's to sell original receipt for Goya painting in Danny Boyle's art heist movie Trance". ArtDaily. 24 May 2013. Retrieved 31 August 2013.)
  2. Hughes, Robert (2003). Goya. Harvill. ISBN 978-1-84343-054-4.
  3. "Vuelo de brujas". Museo del Prado. Retrieved 30 August 2013.
    "Sotheby's to sell original receipt".
  4. The English-language page for the painting instead identifies the hats as dunce caps. ("The Witches' Flight". Museo del Prado. Retrieved 30 August 2013.)
  5. The Spanish-language page for the painting alternatively suggests that they are blowing air on their victim, as indicated by their swollen cheeks ("Vuelo de brujas".).
  6. Curbet, Joan (November 9, 2002). "'Hallelujah to your dying screams of torture': representations of ritual violence in English and Spanish Romanticism". In Hormer, Avril (ed.). European Gothic: A Spirited Exchange, 1760-1790. Manchester University Press. pp. 168–169. ISBN 978-0-7190-6064-9.
  7. The Spanish-language page for the painting instead identifies the markings as snakes "Vuelo de brujas".).
  8. Boime, Albert (1993). Art in an Age of Bonapartism: 1800-1815. University of Chicago Press. p. 258. ISBN 978-0-226-06335-5.
  9. "Vuelo de brujas". Museo del Prado. Retrieved 30 August 2013.

References





На других языках

[de] Flug der Hexen

Flug der Hexen (spanisch Vuelo de brujas auch Brujas en vuelo oder Brujos por el aire) ist ein Gemälde von Francisco de Goya aus der Zeit 1797/1798. Es zeigt drei in der Luft schwebende Hexen, die einen nackten Mann auf den Armen tragen, während zwei weitere Männer sich dem Einfluss der Hexen entziehen wollen. Das Bild ist voller Anspielungen auf Dummheit, Aufklärung und Weisheit. Es verwendet darüber hinaus Symbole und Andeutungen aus dem Christentum und der Freimaurerei.
- [en] Witches' Flight

[es] Vuelo de brujas

Vuelo de brujas es un cuadro de Francisco de Goya, pintado entre 1797 y 1798 para el palacio de recreo de los duques de Osuna, a la finca que tenían a la Alameda de Osuna (hoy parque del Capricho), entonces en las afueras de Madrid, cerca del pueblo de Barajas. Forma parte de la serie de seis lienzos sobre temática de brujería, constituida por: El conjuro o Las brujas (Museo Lázaro Galdiano), La cocina de los brujos (colección privada, México), El hechizado por la fuerza (National Gallery de Londres), El aquelarre (Museo Lázaro Galdiano) y El convidado de piedra (hoy en paradero desconocido). Es el único cuadro de la serie que se conserva en el Museo del Prado.[1]

[fr] Le Vol des Sorcières

Le Vol des Sorcières (en espagnol : Vuelo de brujas) est une huile sur toile réalisée par Francisco de Goya vers 1797-1798 avec cinq autres peintures à destination de la maison de campagne des ducs d'Osuna, « La Alameda ».

[ru] Полёт ведьм

«Полёт ведьм» (исп. Vuelo de Brujas) — картина испанского художника Франсиско Гойи, написанная в 1797—1798 годах.


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